tI{µkÀ-¡m-cn-sâ _m-[y-X Btcm-Sv?- Ir-jn-¡m-tcm-tSm- Ip-¯Ihym-]m-cnItfm-tSm?- D-Zm-c-hð-¡-c-W-¯n-s³d- k-½À-±-§Ä-¡-Sn-s¸-«- C-´y-bn-se- ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-bpw- km-[m-c-W- Ir-jn-¡m-cpw- A-Sn-¡-Sn- X-IÀ-¨-bn-te-¡v- ap-X-e-¡q-¸v- Ip-¯p-I-bm-sW-ó- Im-cyw- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡mÀ- X-só- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨- Im-cy-am-Wv.- Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS- Dð-]-ó-§Ä-¡v- \ym-b-hpw- B-Zm-b-I-c-hp-am-b- hn-e- e-`y-am-¡n-s¡m-ïv- A-h-sc- X-IÀ-¨-bnð-\n-óv- c-£n-t¡-ï-Xv,- P-\-§-tfm-Sv- D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-Å- H-cp- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-s³d- Np-a-X-e-bm-Wv.- F-ómð- a-³tam-l-³kn-§n-s³d- t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-Å- bp-]n-F- K-h-¬-sa-âv,- A-Xn-\v- hn-]-co-X-am-bn,- cm-Py-s¯- Ir-jn-¡m-sc- Iq-Sp-Xð- ap-Sn-¡p-ó- \-b-§-fm-Wv- ssI-s¡m-Åp-ó-Xv.- A-Xn-s³d- G-ä-hpw- H-Sp-hn-e-s¯- D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv- ip-²o-I-cn-¨- ]m-tam-bnð- Iq-Sp-Xð- C-d-¡p-a-Xn- sN-¿p-ó-Xn-\pw- A-Xv- k-_v-kn-Un- \n-c-¡nð- F-ñm-hÀ-¡pw- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿p-ó-Xn-\pw- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- Cu-bn-sS- ssI-s¡m-ï- Xo-cp-am-\w.- hn-e- Ip-d-ª- `-£y- F-®-I-fp-sS,- {]-tXy-In-¨pw- ]m-tam-bn-en-s³d,- C-d-¡p-a-Xn- tI-c-f-¯n-se- \m-fn-tI-c- Ir-jn-¡m-sc- kw-_-\v-[n-¨n-S-t¯m-fw- F-ópw- H-cp- h-en-b- `o-j-Wn-bm-bn-cp-óp.- tI-c-f-t¯m-Sp- ]-I-t]m-¡m-\pw- hy-h-km-b- tem-_n-bv-¡v- Ip-d-ª- hn-e-bv-¡v- sh-fn-s¨-®- e-`y-am-¡p-ó-Xn-\pw-th-ïn- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- ]m-tam-bnð- C-d-¡p-a-Xn- sN-¿p-ó-Xn-s\-Xn-sc- tI-c-f-¯nð- tI-c- Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS- B-`n-ap-Jy-¯nð- F-{X-tbm- k-a-c-§Ä- \-S-ón-«p-ïv.- \m-«n-se- e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v- tI-c- Ir-jn-¡m-tcm-S-ñ,- a-dn-¨v- G-Xm-\pw- Ip-¯-I- hym-]m-cn-I-tfm-Sm-Wv- X-§Ä-¡v- {]-Xn-_-²-X- F-óv- hn-fn-¨p- ]-d-ªp-sIm-ïv- tI-{µw,- B- k-a-c-§-sf-sb-ñmw- A-h-K-Wn-¡p-I-bm-Wp-ïm-b-Xv.- D-]-t`m-Iv-Xm-¡Ä-¡v- Ip-d-ª- hn-e-bv-¡v- `-£y-F-®- e-`y-am-¡p-I- F-ó-Xm-Wv- X-§-fp-sS- e-£y-sa-óv- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-s³d- h-Iv-Xm-¡Ä- A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sp-óp.- (tI-{µ- kÀ-¡m-cn-s³d- Cu- hn-X-Wv-U-hm-Zw- \-½p-sS- {]-Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hv- D-½-³Nm-ïn-bpw- B-hÀ-¯n-¡p-óp-ïv).- D-]-t`m-Iv-Xm-¡Ä-¡v- Ip-d-ª- hn-e-bv-¡v- A-h-iy-h-kv-Xp-¡Ä- e-`y-am-¡p-I- F-ó-Xm-Wv- X-§-fp-sS- e-£yw- F-óv- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- {]-Jym-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ,- A-Xn-se- Im-]-Syw- P-\-§Ä- Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-óp-ïv.- tI-c-f-¯n-se- kv-äm-äyq-«-dn- td-j-³ kw-hn-[m-\w- s]m-fn-¨-Sp-¡n-b-Xpw- td-j-³ hn-X-c-Ww- _n-]n-Fð-ImÀ-¡p- am-{X-am-bn- ]-cn-an-X-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xpw- A-hÀ-¡p-Å- td-j-\-cn-bp-sS- hn-e-X-só- hÀ-[n-¸n-¨-Xpw- I-Å-¡-W-¡p-I-fn-eq-sS- _n-]n-Fð-Im-cp-sS- kw-Jy- ]-Ip-Xn-bm-¡n- sh-«n-¡p-d-¨-Xpw- F-]n-Fð-ImÀ-¡v- td-j-³ \n-tj-[n-¨-Xpw- F-ñmw- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dm-Wv.- Hm-W-¡m-e-¯p-t]m-epw- tI-c-f-¯n-se- P-\-§-sf- ]-«n-Wn-¡n-Sp-ó- sIm-Spw-{Iq-c-X-bm-Wv- a-³tam-l-³kn-§v-þ-Nn-Zw-_-cw- {]-`r-Xn-IÄ- Im-Wn-¡p-ó-Xv.- C-sXm-ópw- t]m-cm-ªn-«m-Wv,- Np-¦-§-sf-ñmw- ]-c-am-h-[n- sh-«n-¡p-d-¨v- C-d-¡p-a-Xn- sN-¿p-ó- ]m-tam-bnð- In-tem-¡v- 15 cq-]- k-_v-kn-Un- \ð-In- 40 cq-]-¡v- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿m-³ tI-{µw- Xo-cp-am-\n-¨-Xv.- sh-fn-s¨-®-¡v- In-tem-¡v- 65cq-]-bn-te-sd- hn-e-bp-Å-t¸m-gm-Wn-Xv.- F-]n-Fð-ImÀ-¡v- td-j-³ hn-X-c-W-an-ñ- F-óv- i-Tn-¡p-ó- A-tX- tI-{µw,- A-hÀ-¡pw- k-_v-kn-Un- \n-c-¡nð- ]m-tam-bnð- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿p-óp.- tI-c-f-¯n-se- tI-c-Ir-jn-¡m-sc- B-sI- X-IÀ-¡p-ó- \-S-]-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.- Ir-jn-¡mÀ-¡v- em-`-I-c-am-b- hn-e- e-`y-am-t¡-ï-Xpw- A-tXm-sSm-¸w- D-]-t`m-Iv-Xm-¡Ä-¡v- Ip-d-ª-hn-e-bv-¡v- `-£y-F-®- e-`y-am-t¡-ï-Xpw- \ym-b-am-b- B-h-iyw- X-só.- A-Xn-\m-bn- k-_v-kn-Un- \ð-Ip-ó-Xpw- \ym-bw-X-só.- P-\-§-tfm-Sv- D-¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-Å- K-h-¬-sa-³dp-IÄ- A-§-s\- sN-¿m-dp-ap-ïv.- F-ómð- A-§-s\- k-_v-kn-Un- \ð-In- Ip-d-ª- hn-e-bv-¡v- D-]-t`m-Iv-Xm-hn-\v- e-`y-am-t¡-ï-Xv- \m-«nð- D-ïm-Ip-ó- `-£y-F-®-bm-Wv-;- sh-fn-s¨-®-bm-Wv-;- hn-tZ-i-¯p-\n-óv- C-d-¡p-a-Xn- sN-¿p-ó- ]m-tam-bnð- A-ñ.- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-\v- _m-[y-X- H-cp-]n-Sn- hn-tZ-i- Ip-¯-I- hym-]m-cn-I-tfm-tSm- A-tXm- cm-Py-¯n-\-I-s¯- Ir-jn-¡m-tcm-Spw- D-]-t`m-Iv-Xm-¡-tfm-Sp-am-tWm-?- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-s³d- P-\-t{Zm-l-I-c-am-b,- IÀ-j-I-t{Zm-l-I-c-am-b- Cu- \-b-¯n-s\-Xn-cm-bn- hym-]-I-am-b- {]-Xn-tj-[w- D-bÀ-óp-h-tc-ï-Xp-ïv.-   CHINTHA Ncn-{Xw- cNn-¨ alm-kw-Kaw- ]n- cm-Po-hv- BKkv-Xv- 16\p- sIm-¨n-bnð- kn-]n-sFFw- kw-LSn-¸n-¨ kw-Øm-\ ]«n-IPm-Xn- I¬h³-j³- Akm-[m-cWam-b ]-¦m-fn-¯w- sIm-ïv- ]p-Xn-b Ncn-{Xam-Wv- kr-jv-Sn-¨Xv.- Hcp- e£w- t]À- ]s¦Sp-¡p-ó Hcp- I¬-sh³-j³- kw-Øm-\¯n-sâ Ncn-{X¯nð- BZy-am-bm-Wv \S¡p-óXv.- {]tXy-Iw- X¿m-dm-¡n-b ]´n-en-em-Wv- ]cn-]m-Sn- \SóXv.- C{Xbpw- hen-b ]´enð- Hcp- s]m-Xp-]cn-]m-Sn- \S¡p-óXv- Xsó ]p-Xn-b A\p-`ham-bn-cp-óp.- D¨bm-Ip-t¼m-tg¡pw- ]´ð- \n-dªp- Ihn-ªn-cp-óp.- ap-Jy-]´en-\p- ]p-dsa X¿m-dm-¡n-b ]mÀ-iz- ]´ep-Ifn-se ItkcIfn-epw- P\w- \n-dªp.- cïcbv-¡v- I¬-sh³-jsâ Hu-]Nm-cn-I ]cn-]m-Sn- Xp-S§p-t¼m-tg¡pw- PhlÀ-emð- s\{lp- C³À-\m-jWð- kv-täUn-b¯n-te¡v- {]thin-¡m³- t]m-epw- Ign-bm-¯ \n-ebm-bn.- ]e Pn-ñIfnð-\n-ópw- hóhÀ-¡v- ssaXm-\ ]cn-kc¯n-te¡p-t]m-epw- {]thin-¡m³- Ign-bm-sX tZio-b ]m-Xbnð- Xsó \nð-t¡ïn-hóp.- ]«n-IPm-Xn- hn-`m-K¯n-sâ I¬-sh³-j³- kn-]n-sFFw- hn-fn-¡p-óXv- BZyam-bm-Wv.- AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó sXän-²m-cW kr-jv-Sn-¡p-óXn-\m-bn- hen-b {]Nm-cthebm-Wv- \SóXv.- hÀ-K cm-jv-{So-b¯nð-\n-ópw- kn-]n-sFFw- hy-Xn-Nen-¡p-óp- FóXm-bn-cp-óp- Hcp- {]Nm-cWw.- CSXp-]£ Xo-{hhm-Zn-Ifpw- AhÀ-¡v Nq-«p-]n-Sn-¨v- Nn-e am-[y-a§fpw- CXv- Gäp-]n-Sn-¨p.- sI]n-Fw-Fkv- t]m-ep-Å kw-LS\Ifpw- ]cky-am-bn- Xsó Cu- I¬-sh³-js\Xn-sc cw-K¯n-d§n.- Fómð- ]«n-I Pm-Xn-bnð-s¸« P\hn-`m-K§Ä- Bthit¯m-sSbpw- A`n-am-\t¯m-sSbp-am-Wv- I¬s-h³-js\ IïsXóv- Ncn-{Xw- kr-jv-Sn-¨ P\]¦m-fn-¯w- hy-àam-¡n.- X§fp-sS {]iv-\§Ä- a\kn-em-¡p-óXn-\pw- CSs]Sp-óXn-\pw- sXm-gn-em-fn- hÀ-K¯n-sâ cm-jv-{So-b ]mÀ-Sn- {][m-\ ]cn-KW\ \ð-Ip-óp-shóXv- Chcnð- Bßhn-izm-kw- hÀ-[n-¸n-¨p.- BtKm-fhð-¡cW¯n-sâ BLm-Xw- Gähpw- Iq-Sp-Xð- A\p-`hn-t¡ïn- hcp-ó CcIÄ-¡v- CXp- \ð-Ip-ó {]Xo-£IÄ- sNdp-Xñ.- ]Xn-\m-bn-c§Ä- AWn\n-cón-«pw- A¨S¡¯nð sXñpw- t]dteð-¡m-sX ]cn-]m-Sn- ]qÀ-¯o--Icn-¡m³- Ign-ªXv- AXnð- ]s¦Sp-¯ ]«n-IPm-Xn- hn-`m-K§Ä-¡pw- t\Xr-Xzw- \ð-In-b kn-]n-sFF½n-\pw- A`n-am-\n-¡m-hp-ó kw-KXn-bm-Wv.- \µn-{]IS\w- Ign-bp-óXp-hsc HcmÄ- t]m-epw- ]´ð- hn-«n-d§n-bn-ñ.- ]cn-]m-Sn-¡n-Sbnð- `£Ws¸m-Xn- \ð-In-b kµÀ-`¯n-epw- aÀ-½cw- t]m-epw- Dbcm-Xn-cn-¡p-óXn-\p-Å AXo-h Pm-{KX ]s¦Sp-¯hÀ- Im-Wn-¨p.- s]m-§¨¯n-sâ `m-Þw-t]dn- \S¡p-ó ]ecpw- ]s¦Sp-¡p-ó s]m-Xp-]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ-s¡m-ópw- AhIm-is¸Sm³- Ign-bm-¯Xm-Wv- CXv.- ap-Jy-[m-cm-am-[y-a§Ä- Fñmw- Cu- A]qÀ-Æam-b P\]¦m-fn-¯s¯ AhKWn¡p-Ibm-Wv- sNbv-Xv-Xv.- Ncn-{Xw- krv-jn-S¨ ]¦m-fn-¯hpw- am-Xr-Im-]cam-b A¨S¡hpw- kw-Lm-S-\hpw- P\§fn-te¡v- F¯n-¡m-\p-Å {]m-Yan-I D¯chm-Zn-Xz-¯nð-\n-ópw- ChÀ- ]n³-hen-ªp.- Zfn-Xv- hn-`m-K¯nð-s¸« P\km-am-\yw- Iayq-Wn-kv-äv- {]Øm-\¯n-sâ H¸w- ASn-bp-d¨p-\nð-¡p-ó t\À-Im-gv-N Chcp-sS \p-W{]Nm-cthe¡p-Å Po-hkp-ä adp-]Sn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-saó Xn-cn-¨dn-hm-bn-cn-¡Ww- Cu- \n-e]m-Sn-te¡v- \bn-¨Xv.- Pm-Xn-bp-sS ASn-Øm-\¯nð- {]hÀ-¯n-¡p-ó kw-LS\IÄ-¡pw- aäp- cm-jv-{So-b]mÀ-Sn-IÄ-¡pw- Ign-bm-¯ co-Xn-bnð- ]«n-IPm-Xn- hn-`m-K§Ä- kn-]n-sFFw- I¬-sh³-j\nð- AWn-\n-cóXv- C¡q-«sc hñm-sX Ae«p-óp-ïv.- ]«n-I Pm-Xn- hn-`m-K§fp-sS {]tXy-I kw-LS\ cq-]n-Icn-¡ð-- ]mÀ-Sn-bp-sS e£yw- Asñóv- t\cs¯ Xsó {]Jym-]n-¨n-cp-óp.- Zfn-Xv- {]iv-\§Ä- GsäSp-¡Wsaópw- km-aq-ly- Xn-òIÄ-s¡Xn-cm-b t]m-cm-«s¯ hÀ-Kkac¯n-sâ Ahn-`m-Py-`m-Kam-bn- Iïv- t\Xr-Xzw- hln-¡Wsaópw- ]mÀ-Sn- tIm¬-{Kkp-IÄ- BhÀ-¯n-¨v- {]Jym-]n-¨n-cp-óp.- CXn-sâ shfn-¨¯n-em-Wv- Xan-gv-\m-«n-epw- B{Ôbn-epw- IÀ-Wm-SIbn-epw- Pm-Xo-bam-b ASn-¨aÀ-¯-ep-IÄ-s¡Xn-cm-b t]m-cm-«¯n\p- ]mÀ-Sn- t\cn-«v- t\Xr-Xzw \ð-Ip-óXv.- Xan-gv-\m-«nð- C¯cw- hn-`m-K§Ä-¡m-bn- {]tXy-Iw- kw-LS\bpw- cq-]n-Icn-¨n-«p-ïv.- 2006ð- \yq- Uð-ln-bnð- Zfn-Xv- hn-`m-K§fp-sS AJn-te´y- I¬-sh³-j\pw- ]mÀ-Sn- kw-LSn-¸n-¨n-cp-óp.- Cu- I¬-sh³-j³- Cós¯ km-aqly- km-lNcy-§Ä- hn-ebn-cp-¯n- Zfn-Xv- {]iv-\§Ä- hn-iIe\w- sNbv-Xv- AhIm-i ]{Xn-I¡v- cq-]w- \ð-In.- CXn-s³-d Xp-SÀ-¨bn-ð- \n-ch[n- kw-Øm-\§fnð- I¬-sh³-j\p-IÄ- tNÀ-ón-cp-óp.- aäp- kw-Øm-\§fnð-\n-ópw- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-Wv- tIcf¯n-se Øn-Xn.- Pm-Xo-bam-b D¨\oNXz-§Ä-s¡Xn-cm-b hen-b {]t£m-`w- \Só a®m-Wn-Xv.- km-aq-ly- ]cn-jv-IcW{]Øm-\§fpw- Iayq-Wn-kv-äv- {]Øm-\hpw- \S¯n-b AXn-iàam-b CSs¸Sð- km-aq-ly- Xn-òIfn-ð-\n-ópw- Hcp- ]cn-[n-hsc \m-Sn-s\ hn-tam-Nn-¸n-¨p.- Iayq-Wn-kv-äv- ]mÀ-Sn- t\Xr-Xzw- \ð-In-b BZy-s¯ kÀ-¡mÀ- \S¸n-em-¡n-b Pòn-Xz-¯n-\v- Adp-Xn-Ip-dn¡p-ó \S]Sn-IÄ- am-ä¯n-sâ thKX hÀ-[n-¸n-¨p.- Fómð,- CtXm-sS Fñm- {]iv-\§Ä-¡pw- ]cn-lm-cam-bn- Fó sXän-²m-cW ]mÀ-Sn-¡n-ñ.- AXv- Akm-[y-am-Wv.- Fóp- am-{Xañ ]p-Xn-b \b§fp-sS BLm-Xw- Gähpw- Iq-Sp-Xð- A\p-`hn-t¡ïn-hcp-óXv- ]mÀ-iz-hð-¡cn-¡s¸« hn-`m-K§Ä-¡m-Wv.- C¯cw- {]iv-\§Ä- {]tXy-Iw- NÀ-¨ sNt¿ïXm-Wv.- AtXm-sSm¸w- \n-ehn-ep-Å B\p-Iqey-§Ät]m-epw- ]qÀ-W-am-bn- e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-óXn-\p- ]e CSs]Sep-Ifpw- Dïm-Ip-óp-ïv.- C¯cw- khn-tij {]iv-\§Ä- kn-]n-sFFw- kw-Øm-\I½n-än- Aw-Ko-Icn-¨ Pm-Xn- kw-LS\Ifpw- ]m-À-Sn-bpw- Fó tcJ NÀ-¨ sN¿p-óp-ïv.- Zfn-Xv- {]iv-\§sf {]tXy-Iam-bn- kao-]n-¡m-\pw- Ahcp-sS {]iv-\§Ä- GsäSp-¡m-\pw- \n-iv-Nbn-¨n-cp-óp.- IÀ-jIsXm-gn-em-fn- bq-Wn-bt\m- atäsX¦n-epw- kw-LS\tbm- am-{Xañ C¯cw- {]iv-\§Ä- ssIIm-cyw- sNt¿ïsXópw- AhÀ-s¡m-¸w- t\Xr-Xw- \ð-Im³- ]mÀ-Sn-¡v- Ign-bWsaópw- Iïn-cp-óp.- Ct¸mÄ- I¬-sh³-j³- hn-fn-¨p-tNÀ-¡p-óXnð- Cu- [m-cWIsfñmw- kzm-[o-\n-¨n-«p-ïv.- I¬-sh³-j³- DZv-Lm-S\w- sNbv-X {]Im-iv- Im-cm-«v- Zfn-Xv- {]iv-\s¯ kw-_Ôn-¨ ]mÀ-Sn- [m-cWbm-Wv- AhXcn-¸n-¨Xv.- BtKm-fhð-¡cW \b§Ä- kw-hcWw- Cñm-Xm-¡p-Ibm-Wv.- s]m-Xp-taJem-Øm-]\§Ä- kz-Im-cy-hð-¡cn-¡p-Ibpw- kÀ-¡mÀ- tPm-en-IÄ- tIm¬-{Sm-Iv-Sv- co-Xn-bn-te¡v- am-dp-Ibpw- sN¿p-óp.- `cWLS\m-]cam-bn- kw-hcWw- Dd¸p-hcp-¯n-b taJeIÄ- kz-Im-cy-hð-¡cn-¡p-t¼mÄ,- kw-hcWw- Dd¸p-hcp-¯Wsaóv- At±lw- Bhiy-s¸«p.- kzIm-cy-taJebnð- kw-hcWw- Fó s]m-Xp-an-\n-aw- ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-se hm-Kv-Zm-\w- ]m-en-¡p-óXn-\p- bp-]n-F kÀ-¡mÀ- X¿m-dm-IWsaópw- At±lw- ]dªp.- Pm-Xn- kw-LS\Ifpw- ]mÀ-Sn-Ifpw- kw-hcWw- Xp-S§n-b Xmð-¡m-en-Im-izm-k {]iv-\§Ä- am-{Xam-Wv- Dóbn-¡p-óXv.- Fómð- kn-]n-sFFw- Cu- {]iv-\§Ä- iàam-bn- Dóbn-¡p-óXn-t\m-sSm-¸w- ASn-Øm-\ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-hpw- DbÀ-¯p-óp.- {]iv-\§fp-sS ASn-Øm-\Im-cWw- \n-e\nð-¡p-ó km-aqly-hy-hØbm-Wv.- CXn-s\ A«n-adn-¡m-sX {]iv-\§Ä-¡p- izm-iz-X ]cn-lm-cw- km-[y-añ.- Zfn-Xv- hn-`m-K§fp-sS t]m-cm-«§sf CXn-te¡v- I®n-tNÀ-t¡ïXp-ïv.- ASn-¨aÀ-¯s¸Sp-ó Fñm- hn-`m-K§fpw- AWn-\n-c¡p-ó hn-im-eam-b t]m-cm-«§Ä-sIm-ïp- am-{Xta CXp- km-[y-am-Iq.- Pm-Xn-ta[m-hn-Xz-¯n-s\Xn-cm-b t]m-cm-«s¯ P\m-[n-]Xy- {]Øm-\¯n-sâ Ahn-`m-Py-`m-Kam-bm-Wv- ]mÀ-Sn- Im-Wp-óXv.- AXp-sIm-ïp- Xsó AXv- hÀ-Kkac¯n-sâ `m-Khp-am-Wv.- `q-]cn-jv-IcWw- kw-_Ôn-¨v- \p-W{]Nm-cthebv-¡v- - A[y-£ {]kw-K¯nð- ]n-Wdm-bn- hn-Pb³- adp-]Sn- \ð-In.- an-¨`q-an-bpw- A\ym-[o-\s¸« kÀ-¡mÀ- `q-an-bpw- ]n-Sn-s¨Sp-¯v- `q-cln-XÀ-¡v- hn-XcWw- sN¿m-\m-Wv- Fð-Un-F^v- kÀ-¡mÀ- {ian-¡p-ósXóv- At±lw- ]dªp.- Fómð- CS¯c¡m-cnð-\n-ópwaäpw-- Ir-jn- Bhiy-¯n-\p- D]tbm-Kn-¡m-¯ `q-an- ]n-Sn-s¨Sp-¯v- hn-XcWw- sN¿Wsaó CSXp-]£ Xo-{hhm-Zn-Ifp-sS cïmw- `q-]cnjv-IcWhm-Zt¯m-Sv- ]mÀ-Sn-¡v- tbm-Pn-¸n-sñópw- At±lw- hy-àam-¡n.- Pm-Xo-bam-b D¨\o-NXz-§Ä-s¡Xn-sc Iayq-Wn-kv-äp-ImÀ- \S¯n-b t]m-cm-« Ncn-{Xw- hn-hcn-¨ hn-Fkv,- Fð-Un-F^v- kÀ-¡mÀ- \S¸n-em-¡p-ó ]n-tóm-¡ t£a Im-cy-§fpw- hn-iZo-Icn-¨p.- aäp- kw-Øm-\§fn-teXp-t]m-se tIcf¯nð- Zfn-XÀ-¡v- hn-thN\w- A\p-`hn-t¡ïn- hcm-¯Xnð- Iayq-Wn-kv-äp-Im-cp-sS ]¦v- {][m-\s¸«Xm-sWóv- tIm-Sn-tbcn HmÀ-½s¸Sp-¯n.-- Cós¯ km-lNcy-§Ä- hn-iIe\w- sNbv-Xpw- ]p-Xn-b ISaIÄ- \nÀ-hNn-¨p-am-Wv- I¬-sh³-j³- AhIm-i{]Jym-]\w- \S¯n-bXv.- kn-]n-sFFw- kw-Øm-\sk{It«dn-tbäv- Aw-Khpw- ]n-tóm-¡t£a a{´n-bp-am-b FsI _m-e\m-Wv- Ah-Im-i {]Jym-]\ tcJ AhXcn-¸n-¨Xv.- kÀ-¡m-cnð- e`y-am-b an-¨`q-an-bnð- A\p-tbm-Py-am-b  Øew- ImÀ-jn-Im-hiy-§Ä-¡m-bn- IÀ-jIs¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v- ]Xn-¨p- \ð-Ip-I,- te_À- skm-sskän-IÄ- Bcw-`n-¡p-I,- kz-Im-cy-taJebnð- kw-hcWw- Dd¸p-hcp-¯p-óXn-\p- kw-hcWw- GÀ-s¸Sp-¯p-I,- hr-²cm-b ]«n-I Pm-Xn-¡mÀ-¡v- `£Ww,- Xm-akw,- Nn-In-Õ- Fón-h Dd¸p-hcp-¯p-óXn-\p-Å km-aq-ly-kp-c£m- ]²Xn- \S¸nð-hcp-¯p-I,- hn-Zym-`ym-km-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä- hÀ-[n-¸n-¡p-óXn-\p- tI{µw- _m-[y-X GsäSp-¡p-I,- `h\ \nÀ-am-W ]²Xn- ]qÀ-Wam-bpw- \S¸nð- hcp-¯p-I Fón-§s\ 15 C\§fm-Wv- AhIm-i ]{Xn-Ibnð- DÅXv.- an-{i hn-hml Z¼Xn-Ifnð- HcmÄ- ]«n-IPm-Xn-bm-bmð- Ahcp-sS Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v- ]«n-IPm-Xn- kÀ-«n-^n-¡äv- \ð-Ip-óXn-\p- tIcf kÀ-¡mÀ- sIm-ïp hó \n-ba¯n-\p- tI{µw- Aw-Ko-Im-cw- \ð-IWsaópw- FsI _m-e³- Bhiy-s¸«p.- Pm-Xn- kÀ-«n-^n-¡äv- \ð-Im³- Pm-Xn- kw-LS\Ifp-sS ip-]mÀ-i Bhiy-an-sñó FsI _m-esâ {]Jym-]\w- lÀ-jmcht¯m-sSbm-Wv- I¬-h³j³- kzo-Icn-¨Xv.- -kzm-KX kw-Lw I¬-ho-\À- tKm-]n- tIm-«ap-dn-¡ð- kzm-KXhpw- _n- cm-Lh³- \µn-bpw- ]dªp.- Ncn-{Xw- Ip-dn-¨ I¬-h³-j³- hn-Pbn-¸n-¡p-óXn-\p- FsI _m-e³- sNbÀ-am-\pw- tKm-]n- -- tIm-«ap-dn-¡ð- I¬-ho-\dp-am-b kzm-KXkw-Lw- A`n-\µmÀ-lam-b {]hÀ-¯\am-Wv- \S¯n-bXv.- \S¯n-¸n-\m-hiy-am-b ap-gp-h³- ]Whpw- FdWm-Ifpw- Pn-ñbnð- cïp- Zn-hk§fn-em-bn- \Só lp-ïn-I -]n-cn-hv- hgn-bm-Wv- kw-LSn-¸n-¨Xv.- cm-Py-s¯ t]m-cm-« Ncn-{X¯nð- \m-gn-I¡ñm-bn- Cu- I¬-sh³-j³- am-dn-sbóXnð- BÀ-¡pw- kw-ibap-ïm-hn-ñ.- chintha AhIm-i kact]m-cm-«§fp-sS Ncn-{X¯nð- asäm-cp- DPz-e A²ym-bw sI hn- kp-[m-Ic³-- ]«n-IPm-Xn¡m-cS¡ap-Å P\hn-`m-K§fp-sS km-aq-ly-]p-tcm-KXn-¡p-thïn- t]m-cm-«§Ä- \S¯p-Ibpw- \n-ch[n- t]m-cm-fn-Ifp-sS tNm-cbpw- {]m-W\pw- _en-bÀ-¸n-t¡ïn-hcn-Ibpw- sNbv-X I½yq-Wn-kv-äv- ]mÀ-Sn- ho-ïpw- X§fp-sS Po-hn-X¯n-\v- Xm-§pw- XWep-am-Ip-óp-shó Xn-cn-¨dn-hn-sâ ASn-Øm-\¯n-em-Wv- ]Xn-\m-bn-c§Ä- ]«n-IPm-Xn- I¬-sh³-js\¯n-bXv. kw-Øm-\ I¬-sh³-j\p- ap-tóm-Sn-bm-bn- hn-hn-[ Pn-ñIfnð- \Só \q-dp-IW¡n-\p- {]m-tZin-I I¬-sh³-j\p-Ifnð- hÀ-¯am-\Im-e¯v- X§Ä- t\cn-Sp-ó Po-hn-X{]iv-\§Ä- Fs´ópw- Ah ]cn-lcn-¡p-óXn-\p-Å amÀ-K§Ä- Fs´ópw- hn-iZam-b NÀ-¨IÄ- \S¯n-bXn-\p- tijam-Wv- AhÀ- kw-Øm-\ I¬-sh³-js\¯n-bXv.- kn-]n-sF F½n-sâ kap-óXt\Xm-¡fm-b {]Im-iv- Im-cm-«v,- hn-Fkv- ANyq-Xm-\µ³,- ]n-Wdm-bn- hn-Pb³,- tIm-Sn-tbcn- _m-eIr-jv-W³ Xp-S§n-bhcp-sS km-ón-[y-¯nð- - X§fp-sS Bhiy-§fS§p-ó AhIm-i{]Jym-]\ tcJ Aw-Ko-Icn-¨Xv- hcpw-Im-e Po-hn-X¯n-\v- ]p-Xn-b {]Im-ihpw- ]p-Xn-b {]Xo-£bpw- \ð-Ip-óXm-bn- AhÀ-¡v- A\p-`hs¸«p.- CSXp-Xo-{hhm-Zn-Ifpw- Nn-e \Iv-ksseäv- hn-`m-K§fp DbÀ-¯p-ó cïmw- `q-]cn-jv-IcWhm-Zw- \m-Sn-sâ sskz-cy-hpw- kam-[m-\hpw- XIÀ-¡m-\pw- P\§Ä-¡n-Sbnð- ]cn-{`m-´n- ]SÀ-¯m-\p-ta klm-bn-¡q- Fóv- NS§nð-A[y-£\m-bn-cp-ó kn-]n-sF Fw- kw-Øm-\ sk{I«dn- ]n-Wdm-bn- hn-Pb³- ]dªp.- an-¨`q-an-bpw- A\ym-[o-\s¸« kÀ-¡mÀ- `q-an-bpw- ]n-Sn-s¨Sp-¯v- Fð-Un-F^v- kÀ-¡mÀ- `q-cln-XÀ-¡v- hn-XcWw- sNbv-Xp-hcn-Ibm-sWópw- ]n-Wdm-bn- ]dªp.- IÀ-jIs¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ- DÄ-s¸sSbp-Å km-[m-cW P\hn-`m-K§Ä-¡v- A´tÊm-sS Po-hn-¡m³- klm-bIam-b \S]Sn-Ifm-Wv- Fð-Un-F^v- kÀ-¡mÀ- kzo-Icn-¨p-hcp-ósXóv- ap-Jy-{]`m-jWw- \S¯n-b ap-Jy-a{´n- hn-Fkv- ANyp-Xm-\µ³- ]dªp.- ]n- Ir-jv-W]n-Åbp-tSbpw- GsIPn-bp-tSbp-sam-s¡ t\Xr-Xz-¯nð- Pm-Xo-bam-b D¨\o-NXz-§Ä-s¡Xn-scbpw- t]m-cm-Sn-b Ncn-{Xam-Wv- I½yq-Wn-kv-äv- ]mÀ-Sn-bp-tSsXópw- hn-Fkv- ]dªp.- {]tXy-I kw-LS\bp-ïm-¡n-bñ Zfn-Xv- {]iv-\w- ]cn-lcn-t¡ïsXópw- A[:Øn-Xsc kaq-l¯n-sâ ap-Jy-[m-cbn-te¡v- DbÀ-¯póXnn-\p-XIp-ó {]hÀ-¯\§fm-Wv- kw-LSn-¸n-t¡ïsXópw- Xp-SÀ-óp- kw-km-cn-¨ a{´n- tIm-Sn-tbcn- _m-eIr-jv-W³- ]dªp.- kzm-X{´y-hpw- P\m-[n-]Xym-hIm-i§fpw- ]«n-IPm-Xn-¡m-ctâXp-Iq-Sn-bm-sWópw- AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó A`n-am-\t¯m-sS Po-hn-¡m³- AhÀ-¡pw- AhIm-iap-sïópw- Pkv-äo-kv- hn-BÀ- Ir-jv-W¿À- Biw-km-{]kw-K¯nð- ]dªp.- B AhIm-it]m-cm-«§Ä-¡v- ho-ïpw- t\Xr-Xzw- sIm-Sp-¡p-ó kn-]n-sF Fw- s\ At±lw- A`n-\µn-¨p.- ]«n-IPm-Xn-þ]«n-IhÀ-K t£aa{´n- GsI _m-e³- AhIm-i{]Jym-]\ tcJ AhXcn-¸n-¨p.- - ]«n-IPm-Xn- -þ ]«n-IhÀ-K hn-`m-K§fnð-s¸«hcp-sS ssZ\w-Zn-\ Po-hn-Xs¯ _m-[n-¡p-ó ]Xn-\ôv- Bhiy-§fS§p-ó AhIm-i{]Jym-]\ tcJbm-Wv- I¬-sh³-j³- Aw-Ko-Icn-¨Xv.- Xm-sg ]dbp-óhbm-Wv- Bhiy-§Ä.- ]«n-IPm-Xn- I¬-sh³-j³- AhImi {]Jym]\w 1.- kÀ-¡m-cnð- e-`y-am-b- an-¨-`q-an-bnð- Ir-jn-¡v- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b- Ø-ew- ImÀ-jn-Im-h-iy-§Ä-¡v- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v- ]-Xn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m-\p-Å- k-a-{K-am-b- \-S-]-Sn- B-cw-`n-¡p-I.- 2.- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡m-bn- ]-ôm-b-¯v- A-Sn-Øm-\-¯nð- te-_À- skm-ssk-än-IÄ- cq-]o-I-cn-¡-Ww.- Cu- te-_À- skm-ssk-än-IÄ-¡v- {]-hÀ-¯-\-aq-e-[-\w- \ð-Ip-I,- Hm-^o-kv- kw-hn-[m-\w- A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-I,- ImÀ-jn-tIm-]-I-c-W-§Ä,- b-{´- km-a-{Kn-IÄ- ap-X-em-b-h- e-`y-am-¡p-I.- C-Xp-h-gn- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- hn-`m-K-¡mÀ- `q-cn-]-£w- h-cp-ó- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v- Øn-cw- sXm-gnð- D-d-¸p- h-cp-¯p-I.- Iq-Sm-sX- km-aq-ly- kp-c-£-bpw- km-¼-¯n-I- `-{Z-X-bpw- D-d-¸p- h-cp-¯p-I.- 3.- \nÀ-am-W-s¯m-gn-enð- GÀ-s¸-«n-«p-Å-h-cnð- `q-cn-`m-K-hpw- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- hn-`m-K-¯nð-s¸-«-h-cm-b-Xn-\mð- Cu- ta-J-e-bn-epw- ]-ôm-b-¯v- A-Sn-Øm-\-¯nð- te-_À- skm-ssk-än-IÄ- cq-]-hð-¡-cn-¡-Ww.- a-äv- A-hn-Z-Kv-[- sXm-gn-ep-I-fnð- GÀ-s¸-«-hÀ-¡p-Iq-Sn- C-Xnð- Aw-K-Xzw- \ð-I-Ww.- C-hÀ-¡pw- ]-Wn-bm-bp-[-§-fpw- b-{´-km-a-{Kn-I-fpw- kÀ-¡mÀ- k-lm-b-t¯m-sS- \ð-I-Ww.- kÀ-¡mÀ-/-]-ôm-b-¯v- X-e-§-fnð- \-S-¯p-ó- \nÀ-am-W-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-fnð- C-¯-cw- skm-ssk-än-I-sf- `m-K-`m-¡m-¡-Ww.- 4.- sXm-gnð-kw-h-c-Ww- kÀ-¡mÀ-ta-J-e-bnð-am-{Xw- H-Xp-§n-t¸m-Ip-ó-Xp-sIm-ïpw,- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ- kz-Im-cy-hð-¡-c-W,- P-\-hn-cp-²- km-¼-¯n-I-\-b-§Ä-aq-ew- s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bn-se- D-tZym-K- A-h-k-c-§Ä- Ip-d-bp-ó-Xp-sIm-ïpw- A-`y-kv-X-hn-Zy-cm-b- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- hn-`m-K-¡mÀ-¡v- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-§Ä- Ip-d-ªn-cn-¡p-óp.- C-Xp- ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-³ kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bnð- sXm-gnð-kw-h-c-Ww- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯m-³ tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ- \n-b-aw- sIm-ïp-h-c-Ww.- D-ó-X- hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw- km-t¦-Xn-I-hn-Zym-]-cn-Úm-\-hpw- e-`n-¨- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¯nð-s¸-«- D-tZym-KmÀ-Yn-IÄ-¡v- kz-bw-sXm-gnð- I-sï-¯p-ó-Xn-\v- {]-tXy-I-]-²-Xn- tI-{µ-k-lm-b-t¯m-sS- \-S-¸m-¡-Ww.- C-Xn-\v- tZ-i-kmð-Ir-X-_m-¦p-IÄ-h-gn- e-fn-X-am-b- hy-h-Ø-I-fnð- ]-en-i-c-ln-X-am-bn- km-¼-¯n-I-k-lm-bw- e-`y-am-¡-Ww.- 5.- Po-hn-X-Im-ew- ap-gp-h-³ Im-bn-Im-[zm-\w-sN-bv-Xv- A-h-i-X-bn-em-bn- A-i-c-W-cm-bn- I-gn-bp-ó- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¯n-ep-Å- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡v- `-£-W-hpw- a-cp-ópw- \ð-In- A-`-bw- \ð-Ip-ó-Xn-\p-Å- km-aq-ly- kp-c-£m- ]-²-Xn- \-S-¸m-¡-Ww.- 6.- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- ]-«n-I-hÀ-K- k-l-I-c-W-kw-L-§Ä- i-àn-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw- \nÀ-Po-h-am-b- kw-L-§-sf- ]p-\-cp-Öo-hn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- ]-c-¼-cm-K-X- sXm-gn-enð- GÀ-s¸-«n-«p-Å-h-cp-sS- Dð-¸-ó-§-fp-sS- hn-]-W-\-km-[y-X- D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯p-I-bpw- th-Ww.- 7.- kmÀ-h-{Xn-I-hpw- k-a-{K-hp-am-b- hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-eq-sS- am-{X-ta- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- hn-`m-K-¯n-sâ- A-Sn-Øm-\-{]-iv-\-§Ä- ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-³ I-gn-bp-I-bp-Åq.- D-ó-X-hn-Zym-`ym-k-¯n-sâ- F-ñm- ta-J-e-I-fn-epw- kw-h-c-W-¯n-eq-sS- Iq-Sp-Xð- A-h-k-c-§Ä- e-`y-am-¡p-I.- F-ñm- tIm-gv-kp-IÄ-¡pw- ^o-kv- B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.- C-Xn-\v- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡mÀ- k-lm-bw- ]qÀ-W-am-bn- e-`y-am-¡p-I.- \n-e-hnð- Un-{Kn,- ]n-Pn- X-e-¯n-ep-Å- tIm-gv-kp-IÄ-¡v- \ð-In-h-cp-ó- hn-Zym-`ym-k- B-\p-Iq-ey-¯n-sâ- ]-Ip-Xn-am-{X-am-Wv- tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ- \ð-Ip-ó-Xv.- kw-Øm-\-kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fp-sS- km-¼-¯n-I-]-cn-an-Xn-aq-ew- F-ñm- tIm-gv-kp-IÄ-¡pw- \n-Ýn-X- ^o-kv- \ð-Im-³ I-gn-bp-ó- km-l-N-cy-a-ñ- D-Å-Xv.- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡mÀ- kmÀ-h-{Xn-I- hn-Zym-`ym-kw- e-£y-an-«v- hn-Zym-`ym-k- sk-kv- ]n-cn-¡p-óp-ïv.- B- \n-e-bnð- ]qÀ-W-am-bpw- hn-Zym-`ym-k- B-\p-Iq-ey-§Ä- tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ- h-ln-¡m-³ _m-[y-Ø-cm-Wv.- 8.- kzm-X-{´yw- e-`n-¨v- 60 hÀ-jw- I-gn-ªn-«pw- F-ñm- ]-«n-I- hn-`m-K-§Ä-¡pw- ho-Sv- F-ó- k-¦ð-¸w- ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡m-³ I-gn-ªn-«n-ñ.- km-aq-ly-]p-tcm-K-Xn- G-sd- ssI-h-cn-¨- tI-c-f-¯nð-t¸m-epw- Øn-Xn- hy-Xy-kv-X-a-ñ.- ap-³Im-e-§-fnð- \ð-In-b- ho-Sp-IÄ- C-t¸mÄ- ]p-Xp-¡n- ]-Wn-tb-ï-Xm-bn-h-ón-cn-¡p-óp.- \nÀ-am-W-km-a-{Kn-I-fp-sS- I-Sp-¯- hn-e- hÀ-[-\-aq-ew- C-t¸mÄ- A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-ó- kw-Jy- Xn-I-bm-sX-bpw- h-cp-óp.- `-h-\-\nÀ-am-W-¯n-\p-Å- k-lm-bw- ]qÀ-W-am-bpw- kw-Øm-\- kÀ-¡m-cp-I-fm-Wv- h-ln-¡p-ó-Xv.- tI-{µ-]-²-Xn-bm-b- C-µn-c- B-hm-kv- tbm-P-\-bnð-t¸m-epw- tI-{µ-hn-ln-Xw- h-f-sc- Ip-d-hm-Wv.- A-Xn-\mð- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¡mÀ-¡v- `-h-\-\nÀ-am-W-k-lm-b-¯n-\v- {]-tXy-Iw- tI-{µ- ]-²-Xn- B-hn-jv-I-cn-¨v- \-S-¸nð- h-cp-¯-Ww.- 9.- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- ]-«n-I-hÀ-K- en-Ìp-IÄ- ]p-Xp-¡p-ó-Xpw- ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡p-ó-Xpw- tI-{µ-kÀ-¡m-cm-Wv.- ]mÀ-e-sa-âv- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-ó- ap-d-bv-¡m-Wv- en-Ìnð- Iq-«n-t¨À-¡-ep-I-fpw- H-gn-hm-¡-ep-I-fpw- \-S-¯p-ó-Xv.- InÀ-¯m-Uv-kv- \-S-¯p-ó- \-c-hw-i-im-{kv-X-]-T-\-¯n-sâ- A-Sn-Øm-\-¯nð- kw-Øm-\-kÀ-¡mÀ- \ð-Ip-ó- \nÀ-tZ-i-§Ä- ]-cn-K-Wn-¨v- tI-{µ-kÀ-¡mÀ- k-a-b-_-Ôn-X-am-bn- \-S-]-Sn- kzo-I-cn-¡p-ón-ñ.- tI-c-f-kÀ-¡mÀ- C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw- \ð-In-b- ip-]mÀ-i-IÄ- F-{X-bpw- s]-s«-óv- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡-Ww.- 10.- an-{i-hn-hm-l-Z-¼-Xn-I-fnð- H-cmÄ- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn-bm-bmð- A-h-cp-sS- Ip-«n-IÄ-¡v- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- kÀ-«n-^n-¡-äv- \ð-Ip-ó-Xn-\v- tI-c-f-kÀ-¡mÀ- sIm-ïp-h-ó- \n-b-a-¯n-\v- D-S-³ Aw-Ko-Im-cw- \ð-I-Ww-;- C-Xp- kw-_-Ôn-¡p-ó- H-cp- tI-{µ-\n-b-aw- \nÀ-an-¨v- \-S-¸m-¡-Ww.- 11.- ]o-U-\-§Ä-¡n-c-bm-Ip-ó- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-Kw- bp-h-Xn-IÄ-¡pw- A-hn-hm-ln-X-cm-b- A-½-amÀ-¡pw- {]-tXy-I- ]-cn-c-£-bpw- ]p-\-c-[n-hm-k-hpw- \-S-¸m-¡-Ww.- C-h-cp-sS-bpw- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¯nð-s¸-«- kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS-bpw- im-ào-I-c-W-¯n-\v- {]-tXy-I-]-²-Xn-bpw- h-cp-am-\-hÀ-²-\- e-£yw-h-¨v- ssa-t{Im- kw-cw-`-§-fpw- kÀ-¡mÀ- t\-Xr-Xz-¯nð- B-cw-`n-¡-Ww.- 12.- kÀ-¡mÀ-þ-]-ôm-b-¯v- X-e-¯nð- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¡m-cp-sS- t£-a-¯n-\p- \-S-¸m-¡p-ó- ]-²-Xn-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä- Cu- hn-`m-K-¯n-\p-X-só- e-`n-¡p-óp-sh-óv- D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯m-³ Cu- ta-J-e-bn-ep-Å- A-gn-a-Xn- ]m-tS- Xp-S-¨p-am-äp-ó-Xn-\v- Iq-Sp-Xð- P-\-Io-b- ]-¦m-fn-¯w- A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bpw- ]-²-Xn-IÄ- tkm-jyð- Hm-Un-än-\v- hn-t[-b-am-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿p-I.- 13.- sh-Å-s¸m-¡w,- h-cÄ-¨,- D-cpÄ-s]m-«ð- Xp-S-§n- {]-Ir-Xn- Zp-c-´-§Ä-¡v- B-Zyw- C-c-bm-hp-ó-Xv- ]-«n-I- hn-`m-K-¯nð-s¸-«-h-cm-Wv.- C-hÀ-¡v- b-Ym-k-a-bw- k-lm-b-hpw- `-£-W-hpw- F-¯n-¡p-ó-Xn-\pw- k-a-b-_-Ôn-X-am-bn- ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-¸n-¡p-ó-Xn-\pw- Pn-ñm-`-c-W-Iq-S-¯n-\p- Io-gnð- {]-tXy-I- kw-hn-[m-\w- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww.- 14.- Im-bn-I-cw-K-¯v- an-I-hv- ]p-eÀ-¯p-ó- ]-«n-I-hn-`m-K-¡mÀ-¡v- i-cn-bm-b- t]m-j-Ww- e-`y-am-¡p-I,- hn-Z-Kv-[- ]-cn-io-e-\-¯n-\p-Å- A-h-k-cw- H-cp-¡p-I,- tZ-io-b-þ-cm-Pym-´-c- a-Õ-c-th-Zn-I-fnð- ]-s¦-Sp-¡p-ó-Xn-\v- A-h-k-c-sam-cp-¡p-I.- 15.- F-ñm- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- k-t¦-X-§-fn-epw- A-Sn-Øm-\-ku-I-cy- hn-I-k-\w- ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡p-I.- Ip-Sn-sh-Åw,- ssh-Zyp-Xn,- tdm-Uv,- Nn-In-Õm- ku-I-cyw- F-ón-h- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I.- CHINTHA {]-t£m-`-§-fp-sS- N-cn-{X-¯n-se- D-Pz-e- A-[ym-bw- hn- P-bn-³ B-tKm-f-hð-¡-c-W,- D-Zm-c-hð-¡-c-W,- kz-Im-cy-hð-¡-c-W- \-b-§Ä-¡pw- P-\-Po-hn-X-s¯- s]m-Ån-¡p-ó- hn-e-¡-b-ä-¯n-\p-sa-Xn-sc- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-³ kv-t]m-¬-k-dn-Mv- I-½n-än-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-¯nð- \-S-ó- s]m-Xp- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- {]-t£m-`-§-fp-sS- N-cn-{X-¯n-se- D-Pz-e- A-[ym-b-am-bn.- Iq-Sp-Xð- P-\-hn-`m-K-§Ä- bp-]n-F- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ- B-tKm-f,- D-Zm-c,- kz-Im-cy-hð-¡-c-W- \-b-§-fp-sS- sI-Sp-Xn-IÄ- A-\p-`-hn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.- kv-t]m-¬-k-dn-Mv- I-½n-än-bp-sS- B-`n-ap-Jy-¯nð- \-h- en-_-dð- \-b-§Ä-¡pw- \-S-]-Sn-IÄ-¡p-sa-Xn-sc- \-S-¡p-ó- ]-{´-ïm-a-s¯- s]m-Xp- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡m-Wn-Xv.- Iq-Sp-Xð- ta-J-e-I-fn-te-¡pw- I-Sp-Xð- P-\-hn-`m-K-§-fn-te-¡pw- Cu- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- hym-]n-¡m-\p-Å- Im-c-Ww- `-c-W-Iq-S-¯nð- \n-óv- P-\-§Ä-¡p-ïm-Ip-ó- Zp-c-\p-`-h-§-fm-Wv.- C-Xp-h-sc- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¡m-Xn-cp-ó- hn-am-\-¯m-h-f- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- F-bÀ-sse-³kv- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯-Xv- k-a-c-¯n-\v- ]p-Xn-b- ap-Jw- \ð-In.- thym-a-tk-\-sb- \n-tbm-Kn-¨v- 21 hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-§-fp-sS- {]-hÀ-¯-\w- km-[m-c-W-\n-e-bn-em-¡m-³ {i-an-s¨-¦n-epw- Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS- H-ä-s¡-«m-b- {]-Xn-tj-[w- aq-ew- A-Xv- \-S-ón-ñ.- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡p-t¼mÄ- Im-gv-N-¡m-sc-t¸m-se- am-dn-\nð-t¡-ï-h-c-ñ- X-§-sf-ó- t_m-[w- IÀ-j-IÀ-¡pw- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡pw- a-äv- _-lp-P-\-§Ä-¡pw- D-ïm-bn-cn-¡p-óp.- cm-Py-sa-¼m-Spw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- Zn-\-¯nð- \-S-ó- h-gn-X-S-bð,- s{S-bn-³X-S-bð- k-a-c-§-fnð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯-h-cnð- A-[n-I-hpw- IÀ-j-I-cpw- a-äv- P-\-hn-`m-K-§-fp-am-Wv.- C-§-s\- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡p-ó-h-cpw- A-h-tcm-Sv- A-\p-`m-hw- {]-I-Sn-¸n-¡p-ó-h-cpw- tNÀ-ó- h-¼n-¨- Iq-«m-b-bv-a-bm-Wv- s]m-Xp-]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-\v- D-Pz-e-am-b- `m-hw- \ð-In-b-Xv.- kw-L-Sn-X,- A-kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-I-fn-se- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ,- tI-{µ,- kw-kv-Ym-\- K-h-¬-sa-âv- Po-h-\-¡mÀ,- A-[ym-]-IÀ,- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fn-se- Po-h-\-¡mÀ,- t_mÀ-Up-IÄ,- tImÀ-¸-td-j-\p-IÄ- F-ón-h-bn-se- Po-h-\-¡mÀ,- ]-ôm-b-¯v- Po-h-\-¡mÀ,- A-¦-W-hm-Sn- Po-h-\-¡mÀ- Xp-S-§n- \m-\m-ta-J-e-I-fn-epw- ]-Wn-sb-Sp-¡p-ó- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw- Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS-bpw- h-¼n-¨- tcm-j-{]-I-S-\-am-bn- B-K-kv-Xv- 20sâ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v.- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-³ kv-t]m-¬-k-dn-§v- I-½n-än-bp-sS- B-`n-ap-Jy-¯nð- \-S-¡p-ó- s]m-Xp- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡p-IÄ- tI-c-fw,- ]-iv-Nn-a-_w-KmÄ,- {Xn-]p-c- F-óo- kw-kv-Ym-\-§-fnð- am-{X-ta- i-Iv-X-am-b- {]-Xn-I-c-W-§Ä- D-ïm-¡p-I-bp-Åq-sh-ó- [m-c-W- s]m-Xp-hnð- h-e-Xp-]-£- cm-jv-{So-b-]mÀ-Sn-I-fpw- _qÀ-jzm- am-[y-a-§-fpw- {]-N-cn-¸n-¨n-cp-óp.- Cu- s]m-Xp-]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- B- [m-c-W- Xn-cp-¯n.- A-{]-Xo-£n-X-am-b- ta-J-e-I-fnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-\v- A-\p-Iq-e-am-b- i-Iv-X-am-b- {]-Xn-I-c-W-§-fp-ïm-bn.- PmÀ-J-Wv-Uv,- H-do-k,- _n-lmÀ,- O-¯o-kv-K-Vv,- kn-¡nw,- a-Wn-¸qÀ,- A-cp-Wm-Nð-{]-tZ-iv- Xp-S-§n-b- kw-kv-Ym-\-§-fnð- C-Xp-h-sc-bn-ñm-¯-hn-[w- A-Xn-i-Iv-X-am-b- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡m-Wv- \-S-ó-Xv.- PmÀ-J-Wv-Uv,- O-¯o-kv-K-Vv,- H-do-k,- _n-lmÀ- F-óo- kw-kv-Ym-\-§-fn-se- Ið-¡-cn-J-\n-IÄ,- a-äv- J-\n-IÄ,- C-cp-¼p-cp-¡v- hy-h-km-bw- F-ón-h-sb- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- \n-iv-N-e-am-¡n.- a-lm-cm-jv-{S,- D-¯À-{]-tZ-iv,- B-\v-{[-{]-tZ-iv,- X-an-gv-\m-Sv,- A-kw,- a-Wn-¸qÀ,- IÀ-®m-S-I,- l-cn-bm-W,- ]-ôm-_v,- cm-P-kv-Ym-³,- tKm-h- F-ón-hn-S-§-fnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- h-en-b- {]-Xn-I-c-W-ap-ïm-¡n.- D-¯-tc-´y-bn-em-sI- s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bn-se- tdm-Uv- {Sm-³kv-t]mÀ-Sv- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ssh-Zyp-Xn,- hy-h-km-b- ta-J-e-I-fn-se- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- h-³tXm-Xnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- a-lm-cm-jv-{S-bnð- apw-ss_,- ]p-sW,- \m-Kvv-]qÀ,- Hu-dw-Km-_m-Zv- F-ón-hn-S-§-fnð- h-³tXm-Xnð- hy-h-km-b- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- in-h-tk-\-bp-sS- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-\pw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- A-cp-Wm-Nð-{]-tZ-inð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- K-h-¬-sa-âv- Po-h-\-¡mÀ- {]-I-S-\w- \-S-¯p-I-bpw- K-h-¬-sa-ân-\p- ap-ónð- B-h-iy-§-f-S-§p-ó- \n-th-Z-\w- \ð-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- sImð-¡-¯- hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-a-S-¡w- \n-c-h-[n- hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-§Ä- A-S-¨n-«p.- Uð-ln-bnð- \n-óv- hn-hn-[- `m-K-§-fn-te-¡p-Å- hn-am-\-kÀ-ho-kp-IÄ- d-±m-¡n.- s{S-bn-³ kÀ-ho-kp-IÄ- Xm-dp-am-dm-bn.- kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-bn-se-bpw- A-kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-bn-se-bpw- e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- K-h-¬-sa-âv- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fn-se- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- _m-¦p-IÄ,- C-³jp-d-³kv,- Ið-¡-cn,- DuÀ-Öw,- A-Wp-i-Iv-Xn,- F-®,- hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-§Ä,- D-cp-¡v,- F-ôn-\o-b-dn-Mv,- tXm-«w- F-óo- ta-J-e-IÄ- \n-iv-N-e-am-¡n-b- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- km-¼-¯n-I-{]-hÀ-¯-\-§-sf- kv-Xw-`n-¸n-¨p.- t]m-kv-äð,- sS-en-tImw,- {]-Xn-tcm-[w,- h-cp-am-\-\n-Ip-Xn- Xp-S-§n-b- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡mÀ- ta-J-e-I-sf- k-a-cw- \n-iv-N-e-am-¡n.- t]m-kv-äm-^o-kp-IÄ- A-S-ªp-In-S-óp.- tI-{µ,- kw-kv-Ym-\- kÀ-¡mÀ- B-^o-kp-I-fp-sS- {]-hÀ-¯-\w- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- _m-¦v- Po-h-\-¡m-cp-sS- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- aq-ew- ]-W-an-S-]m-Sp-IÄ- \-S-ón-ñ.- dn-kÀ-hv- _m-¦v- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-b-tXm-sS- 40000 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bp-sS- sN-¡p-IÄ- ¢n-bÀ- sN-¿m-\m-bn-ñ.- A-¦-W-hm-Sn- Po-h-\-¡mÀ- h-³tXm-Xnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- hn-ZymÀ-Yn-kw-L-S-\-I-fp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-¯nð- hn-Zym-`ym-k-_-µv- B-N-cn-¨p.- c-ïv- e-£-¯n-e-[n-Iw- _n-F-kv-F-³Fð- Po-h-\-¡mÀ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- em-tb-gv-kv- bq-Wn-b-sâ- t\-Xr-Xz-¯nð- Uð-ln-bn-epw- a-äv- \-K-c-§-fn-epw- A-`n-`m-j-IÀ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-\v- ]n-´p-W- {]-Jym-]n-¨v- {]-I-S-\w- \-S-¯n.- sF-F-³Sn-bp-kn,- _n-Fw-F-kv- F-óo- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-³ kw-L-S-\-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- \n-óv- hn-«p-\n-só-¦n-epw- {]m-tZ-in-I-am-bn- Cu- kw-L-S-\-I-fn-se- Aw-K-§Ä- h-³tXm-Xnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- a-lm-cm-jv-{S-bnð- hy-h-km-b-ta-J-e-bnð- in-h-tk-\-bp-sS- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-\pw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- A-^n-en-tb-äv- sN-¿m-¯- \n-c-h-[n- bq-Wn-b-\p-I-fp-sS- ]-¦m-fn-¯-hpw- {i-t²-b-am-bn.- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-s\- A-Sn-¨-aÀ-¯m-³ h-¼n-¨- tXm-Xnð- s]m-eo-kn-s\-bpw- ssk-\y-s¯-bpw- D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p.- \n-c-h-[n- kv-Y-e-§-fnð- Po-h-\-¡mÀ-¡pw- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡pw- t\-tc- B-{I-a-W-ap-ïm-bn.- ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- hn-hn-[- `m-K-§-fnð- \n-óm-bn- A-d-kv-äp-sN-bv-Xp.- Uð-ln-bnð- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡m-cm-^o-kp-I-fp-sS- {]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- km-c-am-bn- _m-[n-¨p.- _m-¦p-IÄ- A-S-ªp-In-S-óp.- C-³jp-d-³kv,- sS-en-tImw,- t]m-kv-äm-^o-kv,- C-³Iw-Sm-Iv-kv- Xp-S-§n-b- {]-[m-\- ta-J-e-I-sf- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- _m-[n-¨p.- H-ä- t]m-kv-äm-^o-kpw- Xp-d-ón-ñ.- aw-tKmÄ-]p-cn,- am-bm-]p-cn,- _-Zv-en,- h-koÀ-]qÀ,- Hm-Jv-e,- \-tc-e- Xp-S-§n-b- hy-h-km-b-tI-{µ-§-fnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- G-sd-¡p-sd- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- C-´y-³ Hm-bnð- tImÀ-¸-td-j-³ Po-h-\-¡mÀ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-b-Xn-\mð- s]-t{SmÄ,- Uo-kð- hn-X-c-Ww- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- Un-Sn-kn- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fnð- h-en-sbm-cp- hn-`m-Kw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- tI-c-fw- H-ä- a-\-tÊm-sS-bm-Wv- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯-Xv.- kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-bn-se-bpw- A-kw-L-Sn-X- ta-J-e-bn-se-bpw- e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- A-[ym-]-I-cpw- hn-ZmÀ-Yn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- A-Wn-tNÀ-óp.- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡p-ó-hÀ-¡v- A-\p-`m-hw- {]-I-Sn-¸n-¨v- C-Xp-h-sc-bn-ñm-¯-hn-[w- h-³tXm-Xnð- _-lp-P-\-§Ä- A-Wn-\n-c-ó- {]-I-S-\-§Ä- \-S-óp.- 47 tI-{µ-§-fnð- s{S-bn-\p-IÄ- X-S-ªp.- 26 s{S-bn-³ kÀ-ho-kp-IÄ- d-±m-¡n.- sIm-¨n- hy-h-km-b-ta-J-e- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- tI-{µ- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ- P-\-hn-cp-²- \-b-§Ä-s¡-Xn-sc- kw-kv-Ym-\-s¯- P-\-§-fp-sS- H-ä-s¡-«m-b- {]-Xn-tj-[-am-Wv- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- I-ï-Xv.- ]-iv-Nn-a-_w-Km-fnð- sImð-¡-¯- \-K-cw- ap-Xð- Ip-{Km-a-§Ä- h-sc- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- H-ä- a-\-tÊm-sS- A-Wn-\n-c-óp.- lu-d,- 24 ]À-Km-\,- ZpÀ-¤m-¸qÀ- F-óo- hy-h-km-b-ta-J-e-IÄ- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- A-k-³tkmÄ,- dm-Wn-K-ôv- ta-J-eIfnð- Ið-¡-cn- J-\n- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- kn-en-Kp-cn,- UmÀ-Pn-en-Mv- ta-J-e-I-fnð- tXm-«w- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- h-³tXm-Xnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- N-W-an-ñp-I-fpw- A-S-ªp-In-S-óp.- Uw-Uw- hn-am-\-¯m-h-fw- A-S-¨n-«p.- lu-d,- kn-bmð-U- sd-bnð-sh- kv-tä-j-\p-I-fnð- \n-óv- s{S-bn-\p-I-sfm-ópw- ]p-d-s¸-«n-ñ-;- h-óp-tNÀ-ó-Xp-an-ñ.- A-k-anð- s_mw-ssK-Km-thm-¬,- in-_v-km-KÀ,- Zn-{_p-KÀ- F-ón-hn-S-§-fnð- H-F-³Pn-kn-bp-tS-X-S-¡w- F-ñm- F-®-J-\n-I-fpw- A-S-¨n-«p.- _m-¦v,- C-³jp-d-³kv,- tI-{µ-þ-kw-kv-Ym-\- kÀ-¡mÀ- B-^o-kp-IÄ- F-ón-h- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- K-Xm-K-Xw- D-ïm-bn-ñ.- I-S-I-fpw- a-äv- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fpw- A-S-¨n-«p.-a-Wn-¸q-cn-epw- I-S-I-fpw- a-äv- _n-kn-\-kv- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fpw- A-S-¨n-«p.- kw-kv-Ym-\-¯m-sI- 65 bq-Wn-b-\p-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- t]m-kv-äð,- _n-F-kv-F-³Fð,- F-Po-kv- B-^o-kv,- _m-¦v,- C-³jp-d-³kv- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- h-³tXm-Xnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- _-kv- K-Xm-K-Xw- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- A-ôv- e-£-¯nð-¸-cw- t]À- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- Ip-Sn-tb-ä- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS- h-¼n-¨- ]-¦m-fn-¯w- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-ep-ïm-bn-cp-óp.- Cw-^mð- hn-am-\-¯m-h-f-¯nð- \n-óv- H-ä- hn-am-\-hpw- ]-d-óp-bÀ-ón-ñ.- Cw-^m-en-se- _n- Sn- ]mÀ-¡nð- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS- h-¼n-¨- k-t½-f-\w- \-S-óp.- l-cn-bm-W-bnð- tdm-Uv- {Sm-³kv-t]mÀ-Sv- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS- h-¼n-¨- ]-¦m-fn-¯w- Im-c-Ww- _-kv- K-Xm-K-Xw- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- KpÀ-Km-hv,- ^-co-Zm-_m-Zv,- tcm-lv-X-Iv,- ]m-\n-¸-¯v- F-ón-hn-S-§-fn-se- hy-h-km-b-ta-J-e-bpw- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- KpÀ-Km-hn-se- tlm-ï- I-¼-\n-bn-se- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- \n-c-h-[n- kv-Y-e-§-fnð- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡p- t\-tc- B-{I-a-W-ap-ïm-bn.- \q-dp-I-W-¡n-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- A-d-kv-äp-sN-bv-Xp.- cm-P-kv-Ym-\nð- 80 i-X-am-\w- {Sm-³kv-t]mÀ-Sv- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- hn-hn-[- kv-Y-e-§-fnð- IÀ-j-IÀ- k-a-c-¯nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯v- h-gn-X-S-ªp.- P-bv-]qÀ- \-K-c-¯nð- \-S-ó- sXm-gn-em-fn- {]-I-S-\-¯nð- A-¿m-bn-c-t¯m-fw- t]À- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- ]-ôm-_nð- A-ôv- e-£-t¯m-fw- hy-h-km-b- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ,- tI-{µ,- kw-kv-Ym-\- Po-h-\-¡mÀ,- A-[ym-]-IÀ,- _m-¦v,- C-³jp-d-³kv,- _n-F-kv-F-³Fð,- ssh-Zyp-Xn- t_mÀ-Uv- Xp-S-§n- hn-hn-[- ta-J-e-I-fn-se- Po-h-\-¡m-cpw- A-kw-L-Sn-X-ta-J-e-bn-se- e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- \n-c-h-[n- kv-Y-e-§-fnð- h-gn-X-S-bð- k-a-cw- \-S-óp.- A-ar-Xv-kÀ,- eq-[n-bm-\- F-ón-hn-S-§-fn-se- sN-dp-In-S,- C-S-¯-cw- hy-h-km-b-§-fnð- H-«p-ap-¡m-epw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- {Sm-³kv-t]mÀ-Sv- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]qÀ-®-am-bpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- A-Wn-tNÀ-óp.- ssh-Zyp-Xn- Po-h-\-¡m-cnð- 80 i-X-am-\-t¯m-fw- t]À- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- A-ar-Xv-k-dnð- kn-sF-Sn-bp,- F-sF-Sn-bp-kn- F-ón-h-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-¯nð- \-S-ó- {]-I-S-\-¯nð- ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¯n-e-[n-Iw- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- N-Wv-Un-K-Vv,- Xm-¬-X-c-¬,- ]-¯m-³tIm-«v,- kw-Kv-cqÀ,- eq-[n-bm-\,- P-e-\v-[À,- tlm-jn-bmÀ-]qÀ,- `-«n-³U,- ^n-tdm-kv-]qÀ- Xp-S-§n- {]-[m-\- tI-{µ-§-fn-se-ñmw- h-¼n-¨- sXm-gn-em-fn- {]-I-S-\-§Ä- \-S-óp.- H-do-k-bnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- G-sd-¡p-sd- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- _-kv,- s{S-bn-³ K-Xm-K-Xw- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- `p-h-t\-izÀ,- I-«-Iv,- dqÀ-t¡-e,- _-em-tkmÀ,- s_-cw-]qÀ,- ]p-cn,- k-¼ð-¸qÀ,- `-{Z-Iv- Xp-S-§n- `-c-W,- hy-h-km-b,- hm-Wn-Py-ta-J-e-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡p-aq-ew- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- tIm-d-¸-¯v- Pn-ñ-bn-se- [-\-tPm-Un-bn-se- \mð-tIm- I-¼-\n-bn-se- B-dm-bn-cw- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n- {]-I-S-\w- \-S-¯n.- dqÀ-t¡-e- kv-äoð- ^m-Iv-S-dn-bn-se-bpw- kp-µÀ-K-Vv- Pn-ñ-bn-se- Ið-¡-cn-J-\n- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]qÀ-®-am-bpw- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- kw-kv-Ym-\-¯n-sâ- hn-hn-[- tI-{µ-§-fnð- IÀ-j-I-cpw- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- h-gn-X-S-bð- k-a-c-¯nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- `p-h-t\-iz-dnð- 500 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- s]m-eo-kv- A-d-kv-äp-sN-bv-Xp.- _n-lm-dnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- h-en-b- {]-Xn-I-c-W-ap-ïm-¡n.- ]-Sv-\,- _n-Kp-k-cm-bv,- Hu-dw-Km-_m-Zv,- ]qÀ-Wn-b,- a-[p-_-\n,- ko-Xm-a-dn- Xp-S-§n- {]-[m-\- \-K-c-§-fnð- tdm-Uv- K-Xm-K-Xw- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- s{S-bn-³ kÀ-ho-kp-I-fpw- ap-S-§n.- kn-sF-Sn-bp,- F-sF-Sn-bp-kn- t\-Xm-¡-sf- A-d-kv-äp-sN-bv-Xv- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- X-IÀ-¡m-³ kÀ-¡mÀ- {i-an-¨p.- a-[y-{]-tZ-in-se- hy-h-km-b-tI-{µ-§-fpw- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- C-³tUmÀ,- t`m-¸mð- F-óo- \-K-c-§-fnð- hy-h-km-b-im-e-I-fpw- K-h-¬-sa-âv- B-^o-kp-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- aq-ew- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- D-¯À-{]-tZ-inð- _m-¦v,- sS-en-tImw- Xp-S-§n-b- ta-J-e-I-fnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- apw-ss_-bnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n-b- kÀ-¡mÀ- Po-h-\-¡mÀ- \-K-c-¯nð- h-³ {]-I-S-\w- \-S-¯n.- Hu-dw-Km-_m-Znð- ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-¯n-e-[n-Iw- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]-s¦-Sp-¯- {]-I-S-\w- \-S-óp.- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- kv-Ym-]-\-§Ä-¡p- ]p-d-ta- kv-tIm-U- tam-t«-gv-kv,- ko-sa-³kv,- emw-s_À-Sv- F-óo- _-lp-cm-jv-{S- Ip-¯-I- I-¼-\n-I-f-S-¡w- ap-óp-tdm-fw- h-³In-S- I-¼-\n-I-fn-se- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- B-\v-{[-{]-tZ-inð- hn-im-J-]-«-Ww- Xp-d-ap-J-¯v- I-b-än-d-¡v- \-S-ón-ñ.- ssh-im-Jv- C-cp-¼p-cp-¡p-im-e-bpw- {]-hÀ-¯n-¨n-ñ.- knw-K-td-\n- Ið-¡-cn-J-\n-bnð- 98 i-X-am-\w- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- F-¨v-Fw-Sn,- C-kn-sF-Fð,- _n-Un-Fð- Xp-S-§n-b- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fn-epw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- {Sm-³kv-t]mÀ-Sv- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fnð- ]-Ip-Xn-bn-te-sd- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- Hm-t«m-dn-£-IÄ- \n-c-¯n-en-d-§n-bn-ñ.- s{S-bn-\p-IÄ- hn-P-b-hm-U,- I-U-¸,- Xn-cp-¸-Xn- kv-tä-j-\p-I-fnð- X-S-ªn-«p.- IÀ-®m-S-I-¯nð- Xpw-IqÀ,- Nn-{X-ZpÀ-K,- ssa-kqÀ,- Zm-h-¬-sK-sc,- F-óo- hy-h-km-b-tI-{µ-§Ä- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- _w-K-fq-cnð- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- kv-Ym-]-\-§-fm-b- _n-C-Fð,- _n-C-Fw-Fð,- F-¨v-F-Fð,- sF-Sn-sF,- _n-F-¨v-C-Fð- F-ón-h-bnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- G-sd-¡p-sd- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- X-an-gv-\m-«nð- sN-ssó,- Xq-¯p-¡p-Sn- Xp-d-ap-J-§-fp-sS- {]-hÀ-¯-\w- kv-Xw-`n-¨p.- A-c- e-£w- I-ip-A-ïn- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- c-ïv- e-£w- \nÀ-½m-W- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- 60000 _o-Un- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯p.- sN-ssó- \-K-c-¯n-se- Hm-t«m-dn-£-I-fnð- 80 i-X-am-\-hpw- \n-c-¯n-en-d-§n-bn-ñ.- Ið-¸m-¡w- A-Wp-i-Iv-Xn- \n-e-b-¯nð- ap-gp-h-³ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- s\-bv-th-en- en-Kv-ss\-äv- tImÀ-¸-td-j-\n-se- 13000 I-cmÀ- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- sS-Iv-kv-ä-bnð- \-K-c-am-b- Xn-cp-¸q-cnð- hy-h-km-b-_-µm-bn- am-dn.- c-ïv- e-£w- sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- C-hn-sS- am-{Xw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡n.- {]-I-S-\-¯nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯v- 2000 sXm-gn-em-fn-IÄ- A-d-kv-äp-h-cn-¨p.- sN-ssó-bn-epw- {]-I-S-\-¯nð- ]-s¦-Sp-¯v- 2000 t]À- A-d-kv-äp-h-cn-¨p.- PmÀ-J-Wv-Uv- kw-kv-Ym-\-¯v- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- h-¼n-¨- {]-Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv- D-ïm-¡n-b-Xv.- Ið-¡-cn- J-\n-I-fpw- kv-äoð- ^m-Iv-S-dn-I-fpw- [m-cm-f-ap-Å- kw-kvm-Y-\-¯v- B- ta-J-e-bn-se- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- km-¼-¯n-I-{]-hÀ-¯-\-s¯- km-c-am-bn- _m-[n-¨p.- Ið-¡-cn- J-\n-I-fnð- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- ]qÀ-®-am-bn-cp-óp.- C-cp-¼-bn-cv,- sN-¼v- J-\n-I-fn-epw- k-¼qÀ-®- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡m-bn-cp-óp.- Pw-j-Uv-]qÀ,- [-³_m-Zv- F-óo- hy-h-km-b-ta-J-e-IÄ- \n-iv-N-e-am-bn.- dm-ôn,- Kpw-e,- l-km-cn-_m-Kv,- cmw-KÀ,- [-³_m-Zv,- Om-{X- Xp-S-§n- \n-c-h-[n- tI-{µ-§-fnð- \n-óm-bn- 3000 sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf-bpw- C-S-Xp- ]mÀ-Sn- {]-hÀ-¯-I-sc-bpw- s]m-eo-kv- A-d-kv-äp-sN-bv-Xp.-Kp-P-dm-¯v,- tKm-h,- A-cp-Wm-Nð-{]-tZ-iv,- kn-¡nw,- ln-am-Nð-{]-tZ-iv,- D-¯-cm-J-Wv-Uv,- O-¯o-kv-K-Vv- F-ón-hn-S-§-fn-epw- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- P-\-Po-hn-X-s¯- _m-[n-¨p.- kn-¡n-anð- B-Zy-am-bm-Wv- ]-Wn-ap-S-¡v- \-S-ó-Xv.- \m-e-c- hÀ-j-am-bn- Xp-S-cp-ó- bp-]n-F- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ- P-\-t{Zm-l-\-b-§Ä-s¡-Xn-cm-b- {]-t£m-`- ]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ- C-hn-Sw-sIm-ïv- A-h-km-\n-¡p-ón-ñ.- A-Xn-i-Iv-X-am-b- {]-t£m-`w- Xp-S-cp-sa-óp-X-só-bm-Wv- t{S-Uv- bq-Wn-b-³ kv-t]m-¬-k-dn-Mv- I-½n-än-bp-sS- Xo-cp-am-\w.- sk-]v-Xw-_À- B-Zy-hm-cw- \-S-¡p-ó- tbm-Kw- `m-hn- {]-t£m-`- ]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ- Xo-cp-am-\n-¡pw.- CHINTHA cïmw- `q-]cn-jv-IcWw Nn-e hkv-Xp-XIÄ- kn- ]n- \m-cm-bW³-- cïmw- `q-]cn-jv-IcW¯n-s³-d t]cnð- kn-]n-sF F½n-s\,- hn-tijn-¨v- ]mÀ-Sn- kw-Øm-\ sk{I«dn- ]n-Wdm-bn- hn-Pb³,- [\a{´n- tXm-akv- sFkIv- ap-Xem-bhsc,- ITn-\am-bn- hn-aÀ-in-¡p-óhÀ- Bib]cam-bn- Fhn-sS \nð-¡p-óp- Fóv- shfn-hm-¡p-óXm-Wv- am-[y-aw- ]{X¯nð- BKkv-Xv- 18,- 19 Xo-bXn-Ifnð- ]n- sI {]Im-iv- Fgp-Xn-b teJ\w.- ""Cu- D¯c§Ä- Isï¯n-s¡m-ïm-bn-cn-¡Ww- ap-Xem-fn-¯ hn-Ik\¯n-\p- ASn-¯d Hcp-¡p-ó hy-hkm-bhð-¡cW¯n-\p- Ir-jn-`q-an- hIam-täïXv''- Fóv- {]Im-iv- teJ\¯n-s³-d Ahkm-\w- ]dbp-óp.- ""AXn-\p- X¿m-dm-Im-sX `q-]cn-jv-IcW¯n-s³-d Xp-SÀ- \S]Sn-Isf XÅn-¸dbp-óXv- tIcf kaq-lt¯m-Sv- sN¿p-ó Gähpw- hen-b sXäm-Wv''- Fóm-Wv- At±lw- F¯n-t¨cp-ó \n-Ka\w.- \-ap-¡v- B-Zyw- Nn-e- h-kv-Xp-X-IÄ- ]-cn-tim-[n-¡mw.- {]-Im-in-s³d- te-J-\-¯n-s³d- H-ómw- `m-K-¯nð- ]-d-bp-ó- an-¨-`q-an-bp-sS- I-W-s¡-Sp-¡mw.- 1957ð- 23 e-£w- G-¡À- an-¨-`q-an- D-ïm-bn-cp-ó-Xv- \n-b-a-¯nð- t`-Z-K-Xn- h-cp-¯n-b-tXm-sS- 1966ð- 16 e-£w- G-¡-dm-bn- Np-cp-§n.- 1970ð- \n-e-hnð- h-ó- t`-Z-K-Xn- sN-bv-X- `q-]-cn-jv-I-c-W- \n-b-a-¯nð- ]n-óo-Sv- ]-e- X-h-W- t`-Z-K-Xn- h-cp-¯n-b-Xm-bpw- {]-Im-iv- Nq-ïn-¡m-«p-óp.- an-¨-`q-an-bp-sS- A-f-hv- ho-ïpw- Np-cp-§n- F-óp- ]-d-bp-óp.- A-Xm-b-Xv,- 16 e-£w- G-¡-dn-epw- h-f-sc- Ip-d-hv- an-¨-`q-an-tb- D-Åq- F-ó- A-h-kv-Y- ]n-óo-Sv- h-óp.- {]-Im-iv- X-só- tc-J-IÄ- D-²-cn-¨v- ]-d-bp-ó-Xv- tI-c-f-¯nð- 33 i-X-am-\w-t]À- `q-c-ln-X-cm-Wv- F-ó-s{X.- A-Xm-b-Xv- P-\-§-fnð- G-Xm-ïv- aq-ón-sem-óp- t]À.- tI-c-f- P-\-kw-Jy- C-t¸mÄ- G-Xm-ïv- 330 e-£w- h-cpw.- A-Xn-s³d- aq-ón-sem-óv- 110 e-£w.- A-h-sc- Ip-Spw-_-§-fm-bn- I-W-¡m-¡n-bmð- 25 e-£-¯n-e-[n-Iw- Ip-Spw-_-§Ä.- 1957se- I-W-¡-\p-k-cn-¨v- D-ïm-bn-cp-ó- an-¨-`q-an- ap-gp-h-³ F-Sp-¯mð-t]m-epw- C-hÀ-s¡-ñmw- H-tc-¡À- sh-¨p- sIm-Sp-¡m-\n-ñ.- ]n-óo-Sv- an-¨-`q-an-bp-sS- A-f-hv- kÀ-¡mÀ- I-W-¡-\p-k-cn-¨v- Ip-d-ª- kv-Yn-Xn-bnð- A-Xn-epw- h-f-sc- Ip-d-hv.- P-\-kw-Jy-bnð- 10 i-X-am-\w- h-cp-ó- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn- Ip-Spw-_-§Ä-¡v- H-tc-¡À- sh-¨v- sIm-Sp-¡m-³t]m-epw- I-gn-bm-¯-{X- ]-cn-an-X-am-Wv- C-t¸mÄ- k-am-l-cn-¡m-hp-ó- an-¨-`q-an- F-ópw- th-sd- Nn-e- I-W-¡p-IÄ- kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-óp.- `q-c-ln-X-cm-b-hÀ-¡v- an-¨-`q-an- \ð-In- A-h-sc- ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-¸n-¡p-I- C-ó-s¯- kv-Yn-Xn-bnð- km-[y-a-ñm-¯-Xp-sIm-ïv- A-hÀ-¡v- a-äp- X-c-¯nð- D-]-Po-h-\-amÀ-Kw- I-sï-¯m-³ hy-h-km-b-þ-tk-h-\- ta-J-e-I-fm-Wv- A-h-ti-jn-¡p-ó-Xv.- 1957se- C- Fw- F-kv- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- X-só- ]p-Xn-b- hy-h-km-b-§Ä- B-cw-`n-¨v- P-\-§-fnð- K-Wy-am-b- hn-`m-K-¯n-\v- D-]-Po-h-\-amÀ-Kw- I-sï-¯m-³ e-£y-an-«n-cp-óp.- A-Xn-\p-ti-jw- tI-c-f-¯n-se- P-\-kw-Jy- C-c-«n-bn-te-sd-bm-bn- hÀ-[n-¨p.- B- \n-e-bv-¡v- tI-c-f-s¯- t]m-se- P-\-km-{µ-X- G-sd- Iq-Sp-X-em-b- H-cp- kw-kv-Ym-\-¯v- hy-h-km-b-hð-I-c-Ww- P-\-km-am-\y-¯n-\v- D-]-Po-h-\w- D-d-¸m-¡p-ó-Xn-\p- H-gn-¨p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-¯- H-cp- hn-I-k-\- amÀ-K-am-Wv.- ap-X-em-fn-¯- hn-I-k-\-¯n-\v- A-Sn-¯-d- H-cp-¡p-ó-Xm-bn- am-{Xw- hy-h-km-b-hð-¡-c-W-s¯- Im-Wp-ó-Xv- km-aq-ly-hn-I-k-\-¯nð- hy-h-km-b-hð-¡-c-W-¯n-\p-Å- ssh-hn-[y-amÀ-ó- kv-Ym-\-s¯- Np-cp-¡n- Im-W-em-Wv.- C-{X-tb-sd- P-\-km-{µ-X-bp-Å- H-cp- {]-tZ-i-¯v- Ir-jn-¡p- h-ln-¡m-hp-ó- ]-¦n-s\- Du-Xn-hoÀ-¸n-¡-ep-am-Wv.- `q-an- am-^n-b-bp-sS-bpw- hy-h-km-b-hð-I-c-W-¯n-s³d-bpw- {]-iv-\w- C-{X- cq-£-am-Im-Xn-cp-ó- 1980I-fn-epw- 1990I-fn-epw- `q-an-sb- B-{i-bn-¨v- D-]-Po-h-\w- sN-bv-Xn-cp-ó- \n-c-h-[n-t]À- B- ta-J-e- hn-«v- t]m-bn-cp-óp.- H-cp- `m-K-¯v- ImÀ-jn-I-ta-J-e-bp-sS- X-IÀ-¨-bpw- ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- th-e- tX-Sn-h-cp-ó-h-sc- Xm-§n-\nÀ-¯m-³ B- ta-J-e-bv-¡v- I-gn-bm-Xm-b-Xpw- B-Wv- A-Xn-\p- Im-c-Ww.- Imð- \q-äm-ïn-te-sd-bm-bn- tI-c-f-¯nð- i-Iv-X-am-b- sXm-gnð-cw-K-s¯- am-ä-§-sf- A-h-K-Wn-¨p-sIm-ïv- `q-c-ln-X-sc- ap-gp-h-³ `q-an-bnð- A-[zm-\n-¨v- Po-hn-¡m-³ {]m-]v-X-cm-¡-W-sa-óm-Wv- {]-Im-iv- ]-d-bp-ó-Xv.- h-³In-S-¡mÀ- I-t¿-dn-b- `q-an- kÀ-¡mÀ- ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¡-W-sa-óv- {]-Im-in-s\-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ- A-Sp-¯-bn-sS-bm-Wv- ]-d-bm-³ Xp-S-§n-b-Xv.- kn-]n-sF- Fw- A-¯-cw- I-t¿-ä-§Ä-¡v- F-Xn-cm-bn-cp-óp.- A-tX-k-a-bw- a-äv- K-Xn-bn-ñm-sX- ]-ïm-c-h-I- A-sñ-¦nð- h-\w-`q-an- I-t¿-dn-b- ]m-h-s¸-«-h-cp-sS- Im-cyw- A-\p-`m-h-]qÀ-hw- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-¿-Ww- F-ó- \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv- ]mÀ-Sn-¡p-Å-Xv.- kÀ-¡mÀ- \n-e-hm-c-¯nð- D-tZym-K-kv-YÀ- I-t¿-ä- `q-an- {]-iv-\w- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-¿p-t¼mÄ- an-¡-t¸m-gpw- B-Zy-s¯- Iq-«-sc- c-£n-¡p-I-bpw- c-ïm-a-s¯- Iq-«-sc- in-£n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿p-ó- co-Xn-bm-Wv- A-h-ew-_n-¡m-dp-Å-Xv.- aq-óm-dn-se- I-t¿-ä-¡m-sc- ]p-d-¯m-¡p-ó- {]-hÀ-¯-\-¯n-epw- Cu- co-Xn- H-c-f-thm-fw- {]-I-S-am-bn- F-ó- C-Sp-¡n- Pn-ñ-bn-se- ]m-h-s¸-«- Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS-bpw- Ip-Sn-In-S-¸p-Im-cp-sS-bpw- B-t£-]w- {]-Im-in-s\-t]m-ep-Å-hÀ- tI-«p-Im-Wn-ñ.- A-Xn-\p- A-h-sc- Ip-ä-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«v- Im-cy-an-ñ.- tI-c-f-¯n-se- k-¦oÀ-W-am-b- `q-{]-iv-\-s¯- {]m-tZ-in-Im-Sn-kv-Ym-\-¯n-epw- a-äp-ap-Å- sI-«p-]n-W-¨n-ep-IÄ- a-\-Ên-em-¡n- ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-³ an-\-s¡-Sp-ó-hÀ-t¡- A-sXm-s¡- a-\-Ên-em-Ip-I-bp-Åq.- G-gp-]-Xn-äm-tïm-f-am-bn- B- {]-iv-\w- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-bv-Xp-h-cp-ó- tI-c-f-¯n-se- I-ayq-Wn-kv-äv- {]-kv-Ym-\-¯n-\pw- A-Xn-s³d- `m-K-am-b- kn-]n-sF- F-½n-\pw- A-Xp- a-\-Ên-em-Ip-ó-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv- {]-Im-in-s\-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ- s]m-¡n-s¡m-ïp- h-cp-ó- c-ïmw- `q-]-cn-jv-I-c-W-s¯- Að-]w- k-l-Xm-]-t¯m-sS-bpw- Að-]w- tcm-j-t¯m-sS-bpw- ho-£n-¡p-ó-Xv.- ]-«n-I-Pm-Xn-¡mÀ- DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å-h-cp-sS- tbm-Pn-¨- {]-kv-Ym-\-s¯-bpw- {]-t£m-`-s¯-bpw- ho-ïpw- `n-ón-¸p-ïm-¡n- ZpÀ-_-e-s¸-Sp-¯m-³ {i-an-¡p-óp- F-ó-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv- tcm-jw.- C-S-Xp-]-£- Xo-{h-hm-Zn-IÄ- F-ópw- km-aq-ly-{]-iv-\-s¯- bm-YmÀ-Xv-Yy-t_m-[-t¯m-sS- hn-e-bn-cp-¯m-sX- ssh-Im-cn-I-am-bpw- Imð-]-\n-I-am-bpw- Im-Wp-óp- F-ó-Xn-em-Wv- k-l-Xm-]w.- ap-I-fnð- ]-d-ª-Xn-s³d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-¯nð- {]-Im-iv- D-ó-bn-¡p-ó- tNm-Zy-§Ä- H-óp- t\m-¡mw.- "-"-h-³In-S-¡mÀ- I-t¿-dn-b- kÀ-¡mÀ- `q-an- Xn-cn-¨p-]n-Sn-¡-tWm-?- ]m-«-¡m-em-h-[n- I-gn-ª- `q-an- G-sä-Sp-¡-tWm-?-'-'- BÀ-¡m-Wv- C-¡m-cy-¯nð- kw-i-bw-?- kn-]n-sF- Fw- C-Xv- ap-t¼- B-h-iy-s¸-«n-cp-ó-Xm-Wv.- `-c-W-¯nð- h-ó-t¸mÄ- \-S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-óp-ap-ïv.- ]-t£,- tIm-S-Xn- A-S-¡w- `-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w- h-³In-S-¡m-cp-sS- c-£-bv-¡v- Hm-Sn-sb-¯p-ó-Xv- Im-Wm-sX,- A-¯-cw- \o-¡-§Ä-s¡-Xn-sc- P-\-§-sf- A-Wn-\n-c-¯m-sX,- kn-]n-sF- Fw- t\-Xr-Xz-s¯- Ip-ä-s¸-Sp-¯m-³ Xp-SÀ-¨-bm-bn- {i-an-¡p-ó-h-cp-sS- em-s¡-´m-Wv-?- `q-{]-iv-\- ]-cn-lm-c-tam- cm-jv-{So-b- ssh-c-\n-cym-X-\-tam-?- "-"-33 i-X-am-\w- `q-c-ln-XÀ-¡v- `q-an- \ð-I-tWm-?- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ-¡pw- Z-fn-XÀ-¡pw- Ir-jn- `q-an- \ð-I-tWm-?-'-'- t\-c-s¯- \ð-In-b- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-sS- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-¯nð- an-¨-`q-an- ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-¯v- Cu- c-ïv- tNm-Zy-§Ä-¡pw- Xr-]v-Xn-I-c-am-b- ]-cn-lm-cw- D-ïm-¡m-³ I-gn-bp-sa-óv- {]-Im-in-s\-t¸m-se-bp-Å-hÀ- I-cp-Xp-óp-tïm- F-óp- hy-Iv-X-am-¡-Ww.- C-ó-s¯- kv-Yn-Xn-bnð- Cu- c-ïp- e-£y-§-fpw- A-£-cmÀ-Xv-Y-¯nð- \-S-¸m-¡-W-sa-¦nð- tI-c-f-¯nð- D-S-a-kv-Y-³ t\-cn-«v- Ir-jn- sN-¿m-¯- sN-dn-b- Xp-ïv- Ir-jn-`q-an-sb-ñmw- ]n-Sn-s¨-Sp-t¡-ïn-h-cpw.- A-Xm-Wv- ]n-W-dm-bn- hn-P-b-³ F-Sp-¯p- ]-d-ª-Xv.- {]-Im-in-\p- A-X-ñm-sX- a-äv- ]-cn-lm-c-amÀ-Kw- \nÀ-tZ-in-¡m-\p-tïm-?- F-¦nð- hy-Iv-X-am-¡-Ww.- tað-]-d-ª- Im-cyw- \-S-¸m-¡m-³ I-gn-bn-ñ- F-ó-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv- In-«m-hp-ó- an-¨-`q-an- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿p-I,- `q-c-ln-X-cpw- Z-fn-X-cp-am-b-hÀ-¡v- _-Zð- D-]-Po-h-\-amÀ-Kw- D-d-¸m-¡m-³ hn-]p-e-am-b- hy-h-km-b-hð-¡-c-Ww- \-S-¸m-¡p-I- F-ó- Zzn-ap-J- \-bw- \-S-¸m-¡m-³ kn-]n-sF- F-½pw- Fð-Un-F-^pw- {i-an-¡p-ó-Xv.- ap-X-em-fn-¯- hy-h-kv-Y-bnð- hy-h-km-bw- am-{X-a-ñ,- Ir-jn- \-S-¯n-bm-epw,- A-K-Xn-IÄ-¡v- `n-£- \ð-In-bm-epw- ap-X-em-fn-¯w- h-f-cpw.- ap-X-em-fn-hÀ-Kw- A-h-sb- D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯pw- F-óp- I-cp-Xn- hy-h-km-b-hð- ¡-c-W-ta- ]m-Sn-ñ- F-óp- hm-in- ]n-Sn-¡p-ó-Xv- h-c-«p-X-Xz-hm-Z-am-Wv.- {]-Im-in-s\- t]m-ep-Å-hÀ- A-Xm-Wv- D-ó-bn-¡p-ó-Xv.- kn-]n-sF- Fw- A-Xn-s\- F-XnÀ-¡p-óp.- "-"-an-¨-`q-an- I-sï-¯p-I-bpw- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-¿p-I-bpw- th-ï-Xp-tïm-?- P-òn-¯-¯n-s³d- ]p-Xn-b- co-Xn-bn-ep-Å- Xn-cn-¨p-h-c-hn-s\- X-S-tb-ï-Xp-tïm-?-'-'- kn-]n-sF- F-½n-s\- kw-_-\v-[n-¨n-S-t¯m-fw- C-¡m-cy-¯nð- bm-sXm-cp- kw-i-b-hp-an-ñ.- c-ïp- Im-cy-§Ä- HmÀ-¡-Ww- F-óp- am-{Xw.- amÀ-Iv-kn-kv-äv- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-¯nð- {]-iv-\w- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-¿p-t¼mÄ- kn-²m-´w- ]-d-ªmð- am-{Xw- t]m-c.- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn- \-S-¸m-¡-Ww.- kn-²m-´-hpw- {]-tbm-K-hpw- tbm-Pn-¸n-¨p-sIm-ïp-t]m-I-Ww.- {]m-tbm-Kn-I-h-iw- a-d-óp-sIm-ïv- H-ópw- sN-¿m-\m-hn-ñ.- Fð-Un-F-^v- kÀ-¡mÀ- {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-ó-Xv- ap-X-em-fn-¯- hy-h-kv-Y-¡p- Io-gn-em-Wv.- A-Xn-s³d- ]-cn-an-Xn-IÄ-¡p-Ånð- \n-óp-sIm-tï- F-´pw- sN-¿m-³ I-gn-bq.- ]mÀ-Sn-¡pw- IÀ-j-I- {]-kv-Ym-\-¯n-\pw- hy-Xy-kv-X- e-£y-§Ä- {]-Jym-]n-¡mw.- ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä- D-bÀ-¯mw.- C-h- c-ïpw- X-½n-ep-Å- A-´-cw- Im-tW-ï-Xp-ïv.- C-Xv- Im-Wm-sX-tbm,- a-d-¨p-sh-t¨m- Z-fn-XÀ,- IÀ-j-I-s¯m-gn-em-fn-IÄ- F-ón-hÀ- DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-Å- `q-c-ln-X-sc- sX-än-²-cn-¸n-¨v- cw-K-¯n-d-¡p-I-bm-Wv- {]-Im-in-\-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ- sN-¿p-ó-Xv.- sN-§-d- k-a-cw- A-Xn-\p- \n-Êw-i-b-am-b- sX-fn-hm-Wv.- Fð-Un-F-^n-s³d-bpw- ]mÀ-Sn-bp-sS-bpw- C-¡m-cy-¯n-ep-Å- {]-Xn-_-²-X-bpw- D-t±-i- ip-²n-bpw- A-dn-bm-hp-ó-Xp-sIm-ïm-Wv- Z-fn-X-cn-epw- `q-c-ln-X-cn-epw- h-en-sbm-cp- hn-`m-Kw- C-h-cp-sS- sI-Wn-bnð- s]-Sm-sX- hn-«p-\nð-¡p-ó-Xv.- CHINTHA Im-iv-ao-cnð- hÀ-Ko-b-X-bp-sS- hn-j-¡m-äv- \mcmbW³ sN½etÈcn ssl-µ-h-i-Iv-Xn-I-fpw- ap-Énw-a-X- Xo-{h-hm-Zn-I-fpw- A-h-sc- ]m-eq-«n- h-fÀ-¯p-ó- A-ta-cn-¡-³ km-{am-Py-Xz-hpw- I-gn-ª- B-dp-]-Xn-äm-ïn-te-sd- Im-e-am-bn- In-W-ªp- {i-an-¨n-«pw- hÀ-Ko-b-hð-¡-cn-¡m-³ I-gn-bm-Xn-cp-ó- Im-iv-aoÀ- {]-iv-\-s¯,- cm-jv-{So-b- k-¦p-Nn-X- ho-£-W-t¯m-sS- k-ao-]n-¨- tIm-¬-{K-kv- I-£n- F-{X- F-fp-¸-¯n-em-Wv- hÀ-Ko-b-hð-I-cn-¨-sX-ó-Xn-\p-Å- \-ñ- D-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv- C-t¸mÄ- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- {]-iv-\w- F-óv- Ip-{]-kn-²-am-bn-cn-¡p-ó- A-aÀ-\m-Yn-se- `q-an- hn-hm-Zw.- hÀ-Ko-b- {]-iv-\-§-sfm-óp-an-ñm-sX,- kp-K-a-am-bn- \-S-óp-h-ón-cp-ó- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- XoÀ-Ym-S-\-¯n-\v- ln-µp-hÀ-Ko-b-X-bp-sS- am-\w- \ð-In-b- tIm-¬-{K-kv,- C-t¸mÄ- ]n-Sn-¨- ]p-en-hm-enð-\n-óv- c-£-s¸-Sm-³ I-gn-bm-sX- \-£-{X-sa-®p-I-bm-Wv.- C-s¡m-ñw- A-h-km-\w- h-cp-ó- A-kw-»n- Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n-epw- A-Sp-¯- sIm-ñw- B-Zyw- \-S-¡m-\n-cn-¡p-ó- tem-I-k-`m- Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n-epw- ssl-µ-h- hn-izm-kn-I-fm-b- thm-«À-am-cp-sS- thm-«v- Np-fp-hnð- X-«n-sb-Sp-¡m-³ I-cp-¡Ä- \o-¡n-b- tIm-¬-{K-kp-Im-c-\m-b- ap-Jy-a-{´n-¡v- \m-Ww-sI-«v- cm-Pn-sh-bv-t¡-ïn-h-óp-;- K-hÀ-WÀ- `-c-Ww- h-óp-;- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-\p-t]m-epw- {]-iv-\w- ]-cn-l-cn-¡m-\p-Å- t^mÀ-ap-e- I-sï-¯m-³ I-gn-bp-ón-ñ.- A-Xn-\n-S-bnð- Im-iv-aoÀ- Xm-gv-h-c-bn-epw- P-½p-hn-epw- D-Å- ap-Én-§-fpw- ln-µp-¡-fpw- D-Åp-sIm-ïv- ]-c-kv-]-c- hn-tcm-[-¯n-se-¯n-;- C-cp-h-i-¯p-ap-Å- hÀ-Ko-b-i-Iv-Xn-IÄ- A-h-sc- Iq-Sp-Xð- hÀ-Ko-hð-¡-cn-¡m-³ {i-an-¨p-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óp.- A-Xn-s³d- `m-K-am-bn- P-½p-hnð- B-cw-`n-¨- km-¼-¯n-I- D-]-tcm-[w- Im-c-Ww- P-½p-hnð-\n-óv- Im-iv-aoÀ- Xm-gv-h-c-bn-te-¡p-Å- {]-[m-\- tdm-Uv- K-Xm-K-Xw- X-S-Ê-s¸-«n-«v- Zn-h-k-§-tf-sd-bm-bn.- Im-iv-aoÀ- Xm-gv-h-c-bn-ep-Å-hÀ-¡v- `-£-W-hpw- a-cp-ópw- e-`n-¡m-¯- A-h-kv-Y- h-óp.- Xm-gv-h-c-bnð- D-ïm-Ip-ó- B-¸n-fpw- a-äv- ]-g-§-fpw- amÀ-¡-än-se-¯n-¡m-³ I-gn-bm-sX- ]-gw- Ir-jn-¡mÀ- Zp-cn-X-¯n-em-bn.- hn-f-shm-s¡- No-ªp-t]m-b- Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS- H-cp-hÀ-j-s¯- A-[zm-\w- \n-jv-^-e-am-bn.- kw-kv-Ym-\-¯n-s³d- hn-hn-[- `m-K-§-fnð- C-t¸m-gpw- {]-t£m-`w- \-S-óp-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-óp.- {io-\-K-dnð- B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\m-fp-IÄ- sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S-k-an-Xn-bp-sS- Hm-^o-kn-te-¡v- amÀ-¨v- \-S-¯n.- lp-dn-b-¯v- tIm-¬-^-d-³kv- \-S-¯n-b- a-säm-cp- amÀ-¨n-\p-t\-sc- s]m-eo-kpw- ]-«m-f-hpw- \-S-¯n-b- sh-Sn-sh-¸nð- 21 t]À- sIm-ñ-s¸-«p.- lp-dn-b-¯n-s³d- H-cp- k-ap-ó-X- t\-Xm-hpw- sIm-ñ-s¸-«-h-cnð- DÄ-s¸-Sp-óp.- 250ð- A-[n-Iw- t]À-¡v- ]-cn-t¡-äp.- kw-L-]-cn-hm-dn-s³d- B-`n-ap-Jy-¯n-ep-Å- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- kw-LÀ-j- k-an-Xn-bp-sS- t\Xr-Xz--¯nð- s]m-eo-kv- kv-tä-j-\p-I-fn-te-¡v- amÀ-¨v- \-S-¯p-óp-;- H-cp- e-£-¯n-e-[n-Iw-t]À- A-d-kv-äp-h-cn-¨v- P-bnð- \n-d-bv-¡pw- F-óm-Wv- kw-LÀ-j- k-an-Xn- A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sp-ó-Xv.- kw-kv-Ym-\-s¯- hn-hn-[- Pn-ñ-I-fnð- IÀ-^yq- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«v- Zn-h-k-§-fm-bn.- P-½p-þ-Im-iv-aoÀ- kw-kv-Ym-\-am-sI- ]p-I-bp-I-bm-Wv-;- I-¯p-I-bm-Wv.- {]-iv-\w- ]-cn-l-cn-¡p-ó-Xn-\v- tI-{µ- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- kÀ-h-I-£n-tbm-Kw- hn-fn-¨p-tNÀ-¯p-;- a-{´n-k-`m- D-]-k-an-Xn-bp-ïm-¡n.- ]-e-h-«w- NÀ-¨- \-S-¯n.- tI-{µ- B-`y-´-c-a-{´n- in-h-cm-Pv- ]m-«o-epw- Iq-«-cpw- sUð-ln-bnð-\n-óv- {io-\-K-dn-te-¡pw- Xn-cn-¨v- Uð-ln-bn-te-¡pw- ]-e-h-«w- ]-d-ón-«pw- {]-iv-\-¯n-\v- ]-cn-lm-c-am-Ip-ón-ñ.- h-cm-³ t]m-Ip-ó- A-kw-»n- sX-c-sª-Sp-¸nð- ]-¯p-thm-«v- Iq-Sp-Xð- {]-Xo-£n-¨v- t£-{Xw- sIm-ïv- cm-jv-{So-bw- I-fn-¨- tIm-¬-{K-kv,- A-Sn-sX-än,- A-S-hp-sX-än,- c-£-s¸-Sm-\p-Å- h-gn- Im-Wm-sX- D-g-ep-I-bm-Wv.- G-Xp-hn-j-b-t¯-bpw- hÀ-Ko-b-am-bn- am-{Xw- ho-£n-¡p-ó- _n-sP-]n-bpw- kw-L-]-cn-hm-dpw- B-I-s«,- I-¯p-ó- Im-iv-ao-cnð-\n-óv- cm-jv-{So-b- ap-X-se-Sp-¸v- \-S-¯m-\p-Å- X-{X-¸m-Sn-ep-am-Wv.- A-aÀ-\m-Yn-se- `q-an- hn-hm-Z-s¯-¡p-dn-¨v,- R-§Ä- ap-s¼m-cp- e-¡w- Nn-´-bnð- {]-Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-cp-óp.- P-½p- þ-Im-iv-ao-cn-se- ap-³ K-hÀ-WÀ- e-^v-S-\-³dv- P-\-dð- F-kv- sI- kn-³l-bm-Wv- {]-iv-\-¯n-\v- Xp-S-¡-an-«-Xv.- {io- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- t£-{X- t_mÀ-Un-\v- \q-dv- G-¡À- h-\-`q-an- Xmð-Im-en-I-am-bn- ]-Xn-¨p- \ð-I-W-sa-óv- A-`yÀ-Yn-¨v- hn-hm-Z-¯n-\v- Xp-S-¡w-Ip-dn-¨-Xv,- t£-{X- t_mÀ-Un-s³d- A-[y-£-³ F-ó- \n-e-bnð- K-hÀ-W-dm-Wv.- 2005ð- C-§-s\-sbm-cp- A-`yÀ-Y-\- D-bÀ-óp-h-óp-;- A-Xv- \n-c-kn-¡-s¸-«p-;- C-¯-h-W- A-kw-»n- Xn-c-sª-Sp-¸n-s\- ap-ónð- I-ïp-sIm-ïv- (_n-sP-]n-¡m-c-\m-b- K-hÀ-WÀ- kn-³l-bp-sS- k-½À-±-¯n-\p- h-g-§n)- ap-Jy-a-{´n- Kp-emw- \-_n- B-km-Zv- A-Xv- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨p.- t£-{X-¯n-\v- A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-ó- `q-an-bnð- kv-Yn-cw- sI-«n-S-§-sfm-ópw- D-ïm-¡-cp-sX-ópw- sIm-ñ-¯nð- H-cn-¡ð- am-{Xw- (H-cp- am-k-¡m-ew)- \-S-óp-h-cp-ó- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- XoÀ-Ym-S-\-¯n-\v- F-¯p-ó- XoÀ-Xv-Ym-S-IÀ-¡v- Xmð-¡m-en-I- ku-I-cy-sam-cp-¡m-\m-Wv- C-Xv- \ð-Ip-ó-sX-ópw- hy-Iv-X-am-¡-s¸-«n-cp-óp.- h-\-`q-an- a-äm-h-iy-§Ä-¡v- ]-Xn-¨p-\ð-Im-³ kw-kv-Ym-\- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-\v- A-[n-Im-c-an-ñ.- H-cÀ-Y-¯nð- _n-sP-]n-¡m-c-\m-b- K-hÀ-WÀ- hn-cn-¨- h-e-bnð- tIm-¬-{K-kp-Im-c-\m-b- ap-Jy-a-{´n- sN-óp-ho-gp-I-bm-Wp-ïm-b-Xvv.- `q-an- t£-{X-¯n-\v- ]-Xn-¨p- \ð-In- P-½p-þ-Im-iv-ao-cn-s³d- {]-tXy-I- ]-Z-hn-¡v- C-f-¡w- X-«n-¡p-I-bm-sW-ó- {]-N-c-Ww- s]m-§n-h-ó-Xv- C-tXm-sS-bm-Wv.- h-\-`q-an- a-äm-h-iy-§Ä-¡v- kv-Yn-c-am-bn- ]-Xn-¨p-\ð-Im-³ kw-kv-Ym-\- K-h-¬-sa-³dn-\v- A-[n-Im-c-an-sñ-ópw- kv-Yn-c-am-bn- ]-Xn-¨p- \ð-In-bn-«n-sñ-ópw- Xmð-Im-en-I-am-b- sI-«n-S-§-tf- D-ïm-¡p-óp-Åq-sh-ópw- D-Å- h-kv-Xp-X- hn-h-cn-¨v,- {]-t£m-`-Im-cn-I-fp-sS- {]-N-c-W-¯n-\v- ap-Jy-a-{´n- X-S-bn-tS-ï-Xm-bn-cp-óp.- A-X-t±-l-¯n-\v- I-gn-ªn-ñ.- F-óp- X-só-b-ñ- `-c-W-k-Jy-¯nð- \n-óv- Cu- {]-iv-\w- D-ó-bn-¨v- ]n-Un-]n- cm-Pn-sh-¨p-t]m-bn.- `-c-W-k-Jyw- \yq-\-]-£-am-bn.- h-\-`q-an- t£-{X-¯n-\v- ]-Xn-¨p- \ð-In,- Im-iv-aoÀ- ta-J-e-bn-te-¡v- ln-µp-¡-sf- B-IÀ-jn-¨p-sIm-ïp-h-óv,- A-hn-sS-bp-Å- ap-Én-§-fp-sS- P-\-kw-Jym-]-c-am-b- `q-cn-]-£-¯n-\v- tIm-«w- X-«n-¡p-hm-\p-Å- {i-a-am-Wv- \-S-¡p-ó-sX-ó- B-tcm-]-Ww- D-ó-bn-¨v- ap-Énw-Xo-{h-hm-Zn-IÄ- cw-K-¯n-d-§n.- \q-äm-ïp-I-tfm-fw- ln-µp-¡-fpw- ap-Én-§-fpw- kw-bp-Iv-X-am-bn,- c-ay-X-tbm-sS,- k-l-I-cn-¨v- \-S-¯n-h-ón-cp-ó- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- XoÀ-Ym-S-\w- A-tXm-sS- hÀ-Ko-b-hm-Zn-I-fp-sS- B-{I-a-W-¯n-\v- e-£y-am-bn.- A-h-cp-sS- I-em-]-{i-a-§Ä- aq-¯-t¸mÄ,- `q-an- ]-Xn-¨p-\ð-Im-\p-Å- D-¯-c-hv- ]n-³h-en-¡m-³ a-{´n-k-`- X-¿m-dm-bn.- C-Xn-\n-S-bnð- _n-sP-]n-¡m-c-\m-b- K-hÀ-W-dp-sS- Im-em-h-[n- I-gn-ªv- A-bmÄ- t]m-b-Xpw- ]p-Xn-b- K-hÀ-WÀ- h-ó-Xpw,- D-¯-c-hv- ]n-³h-en-¡p-ó-Xn-\v- k-lm-b-I-am-bn.- hn-hm-Z- D-¯-c-hv- ]n-³h-en-¨p-sh-¦n-epw- `q-cn-]-£w- \-jv-S-s¸-«- B-km-Zv- ap-Jy-a-{´n- kv-Ym-\w- cm-Pn-sh-¨p-;- kw-kv-Ym-\w- K-hÀ-WÀ- `-c-W-¯n-³Io-gn-em-bn.-- hn-hm-Z- D-¯-c-hv- ]n-³h-en-¡-s¸-«-tXm-sS- {]-iv-\w- Xo-tc-ï-Xm-bn-cp-óp.- C-{X- Im-e-hpw- kÀ-¡mÀ- sN-bv-Xn-cp-ó-t]m-se,- XoÀ-Xv-Ym-S-IÀ-¡p-th-ï- ku-I-cy-§Ä- Xp-SÀ-ópw- kÀ-¡mÀ- X-só- GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯pw- F-ópw- D-¯-c-hnð- ]-d-ªn-cp-óp.- F-ómð- Im-iv-ao-cn-ep-Å- ap-Én-§-fp-sS- \nÀ-_-\v-[-¯n-\p- h-g-§n-bn-«m-Wv- kÀ-¡mÀ- D-¯-c-hv- ]n-³h-en-¨-sX-ó- hn-izm-kw- ]-c-óp.- kw-L-]-cn-hmÀ- kw-L-§Ä- A-Xnð-\n-óv- cm-jv-{So-b- ap-X-se-Sp-¸n-\v- Xp-\n-bp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- t£-{X-¯n-\v- \ð-In-b- `q-an- Xn-cn-s¨-Sp-¯-Xv- sX-äm-sb-ópw- `q-an- Xn-cn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡-W-sa-ópw- Xn-cn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡pw-h-sc- {]-t£m-`w- \-S-¯pw- F-ópw- A-hÀ- {]-Jym-]n-¨p.- [À-W,-- km-¼-¯n-I- D-]-tcm-[w,- P-bnð- \n-d-bv-¡ð,- h-gn-X-S-bð- F-ón-§-s\- A-h-cp-sS- k-a-cw- A-{I-am-k-Iv-X-am-bn- Xp-SÀ-óp-sIm-ïn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.- A-h-cp-sS- km-¼-¯n-tIm-]-tcm-[w-aq-ew- K-Xn-tI-Sn-em-b- Im-iv-aoÀ- ta-J-e-bn-se- Ir-jn-¡mÀ- (A-h-cnð- a-lm-`q-cn-`m-K-hpw- ap-Éo-§-fm-Wv)- {]-t£m-`-¯n-em-Wv.- C-§-s\- P-½p-þ-Im-iv-aoÀ- hÀ-Ko-b-X-bnð- I-¯n-¡m-fm-³ Xp-S-§n-b-t¸m-gm-Wv- kÀ-h-I-£n-tbm-Kw- \yq-Uð-ln-bnð- hn-fn-¨p- tNÀ-¡m-\p-Å- hn-th-Iw- a-³tam-l-³kn-§n-\p-ïm-b-Xv.- B- hn-th-Iw- t\-c-t¯- D-ïm-bn-sb-¦nð- {]-iv-\w- C-{X-t¯m-fw- h-j-fm-Ip-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ-;- hÀ-Ko-b-i-Iv-Xn-IÄ- C-{X-t¯m-fw- ap-X-se-Sp-¸v- \-S-¯p-am-bn-cp-ón-ñ.- P-½p-þ-Im-iv-ao-cn-se- kv-Yn-Xn- h-f-sc- Kp-cp-X-c-am-sW-ópw- D-S-³ ]-cn-lm-c-amÀ-Kw- tX-S-W-sa-ópw- kÀ-h-I-£n-tbm-Kw- hn-e-bn-cp-¯n.- k-am-[m-\-hpw- km-[m-c-Wm-´-co-£-hpw- ]p-\x-kv-Ym-]n-¡-em-Wv- B-Zyw- th-ï-Xv.- A-Xn-\v- F-ñm- I-£n-I-fpw- H-ón-¨v- B-lzm-\w- sN-¿-Ww-;- kv-Yn-Xn-K-Xn-I-sf- hÀ-Ko-b-hð-¡-cn-¡m-\p-Å- F-ñm- {i-a-§-fpw- X-S-b-Ww-;- cm-Py-¯n-s³d- a-X-\n-c-t]-£- aq-ey-§Ä- D-bÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¡-Ww-;- Im-¯p- kq-£n-¡-Ww-;- A-aÀ-\m-Yv- XoÀ-Ym-S-IÀ-¡v- B-h-iy-am-b- F-ñm- ku-I-cy-§-fpw- kw-kv-Ym-\- K-h-¬-sa-³dv- H-cp-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡-Ww-;- {]-t£m-`-§Ä- A-h-km-\n-¸n-¡m-\p-Å- A-´-co-£w- H-cp-¡-Ww-;- NÀ-¨-bn-eq-sS- {]-iv-\-]-cn-lm-cw- Im-W-Ww- þ-kÀ-h-I-£n-tbm-Kw- F-¯n-t¨À-ó- \n-K-a-\-am-Wn-Xv.- C-´y-bp-sS- sF-Iy-hpw- A-J-Wv-U-X-bpw- Im-¯p-kq-£n-¡p-ó-Xn-\p-th-ïn,- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- ku-lmÀ-±-hpw- km-aq-ly- ku-lmÀ-±-hpw- Im-¯p-kq-£n-¡p-ó-Xn-\p-th-ïn,- C-´ym- dn-¸-»n-¡n-s³d- a-X-\n-c-t]-£- P-\m-[n-]-Xy- kz-`m-hw- i-Iv-Xn-s¸-Sp-¯p-ó-Xn-\p-th-ïn,- Im-iv-ao-cnð- ]-SÀ-óp-]n-Sn-¨- Cu- hÀ-Ko-b-¯o-¡m-äv- Du-Xn-s¡-Sp-t¯-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-óp.- C-´ym- hn-`-P-\-¯n-s³d- \m-fp-I-fn-se- Zp-c-´-I-Y-IÄ- hn-kv-a-cn-¨n-«n-ñm-¯- \-ap-¡v,- a-säm-cp- am-c-I-am-b- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- I-em-]-¯n-\v- C-c-bm-bn-¯o-cm-³ I-gn-bp-I-bn-ñ.- _qÀ-jzm- cm-jv-{So-b- k-¦p-Nn-X-hm-Zn-IÄ- kzmÀ-Xv-Y- Xmð-]-cyw- ssI-h-cn-¡p-ó-Xn-\p-th-ïn- Du-Xn-¡-¯n-¡p-ó- Xo-bv- G-Xp-h-sc- D-bÀ-óp-]-c-¡pw- F-óv- B-tem-Nn-¡p-hm-³ t]m-epw- I-gn-bp-I-bn-ñ.- CHINTHA BWh \thm°m-\w- Fó an-Yy- hn- _n- ]ctaiz-c³- BWh klIcW¯n-sâ Bhiyw- C´y-tb¡mÄ- Atacn-¡¡m-Wv- Fóv- IcmÀ- {]m-hÀ-¯n-Iam-bn- Im-Wm³- AhÀ- Im-«p-ó [r-Xn-Xsó hyIv-Xam-¡p-óp-ïv.- Zn-\satóm-Ww- Atacn-¡³- {]kn-Uâv- _p-jv- ap-Xð- Atacn-¡³- Aw-_m-kUÀ- apð-t^mÀ-Uv- hsc IcmÀ- F{Xbpw- thKw- {]m-hÀ-¯n-Iam-¡Wsaóv- C´y-sb D]tZin-¡p-Ibm-Wv.- Chn-sS kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- Hcp- tNm-Zy-ap-bcp-óp.- IcmÀ- BÀ-¡m-Wv- Kp-W{]Zsaó tNm-Zyw.- tem-Isa¼m-Spw- BWh \thm-°m-\w- \S¡m³- t]m-hp-Ibm-sWópw- B L«¯nð- BWh _kv- C´y-¡v- am-{Xw- \jv-Ss¸Sp-¯m-\m-hn-sñóp-am-Wv- {][m-\a{´n- a³-tam-l³-kn-Mv- ]dbp-óXv.- {][m-\a{´n-bpw- At±l¯n-sâ A\p-Nc hr-µ§fpw- ]dbp-ó BWh \thm-°m-\w- FóXp-sIm-ïv- F´m-Wv- AÀ-Yam-¡p-óXv?- tPmÀ-Pv- _p-jv- cïm-aXpw- Atacn-¡³- {]kn-Uâm-bn- sXcsªSp-¡s¸«tXm-sSbm-Wv- BWh \thm-°m-\w- Fó ]Z{]tbm-Ks¯¡p-dn-¨v- tIÄ-¡m³- Bcw-`n-¨Xv.- Atacn-¡bn-se XIÀ-óp-In-S¡p-ó BWhtaJesb ]p-\cp-²cn-¡m³- _p-jv- t\Xr-Xzw- sImSp-¡p-ó hµy-htbm-[n-I I£n-bpw- ISp-¯ bm-Ymkv-Yn-Xn-I hn-`m-Khp-am-b dn-¸»n-¡³- ]mÀ-Sn- Hcp- \n-ba\nÀ-am-W¯n-\v- X¿m-dm-btXm-sSbm-Wv- BWh \thm-°m-\s¯¡p-dn-¨v- Atacn-¡³- am-[y-a§fpw- Ahcp-sS in-¦n-Sn-Ifpw- hm-Nm-eam-Im³- Xp-S§n-bXv.- dn-¸»n-¡³- ]mÀ-Sn-¡v- Atacn-¡³- ]mÀ-esaân-sâ Ccp-k`Ifn-epw- `q-cn-]£ap-ïm-bn-cp-ó 2005 em-Wv- (2006 se tIm¬-{Kkv- sXcsªSp-¸nð- Ccp-k`Ifn-epw- `cWI£n-bm-b dn-¸»n-¡³- ]mÀ-Sn- \yq-\]£am-bn)- DuÀ-P\b \n-baw- 2005 ]m-km-¡n-bXv.- {Xos-sað- sFeân-se BWh Zp-c´s¯ Xp-SÀ-óv- ap-cSn-¨p-t]m-b BWh _n-kn-\kn-\v- \thm-°m-\w- \ð-Ip-Ibmbn-cp-óp- _p-jv- `cWIq-S¯n-sâ e£yw.- sNethdn-b BWh _n-kn-\kn-te¡v- I¼\n-Isf Xn-cn-¨p-sIm-ïp-hcWsa¦nð- BIÀ-jIam-b ku-P\y-§Ä- sh¨p-\o-«Wam-bn-cp-óp.- Cu- ku-P\y-§Ä- Fs´ñmam-sWóv- hn-iZo-Icn-¡p-óXm-Wv- DuÀ-P \b \n-baw.- {][m-\am-bpw- \m-ev- Cfhp-Ifm-Wv- Cu- \n-ba¯n-ep-ÅXv.- 1.- BZyw- kv-Ym-]n-¡p-ó Bdv- BWh dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-IÄ-¡v- s^Udð- Kh¬-saâv- Ccp-óqdv- tIm-Sn- tUm-fÀ- {Kmâv- A\p-hZn-¡pw.- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- kv-Ym-]n-¡p-óXn-epw- aäpw- Im-eXm-akw- hcp-¯p-ó]£w- \n-ba Ip-cp-¡nð- s]Sm³- km-[y-Xbp-ÅXn-\m-em-Wt{X Cu- {Kmâv- \ð-Ip-óXv.- 2.- kv-Ym-]n-¡p-ó dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-IÄ-¡v- A]ISw- ]äp-ó]£w- Dïm-Im³- CSbp-Å Zp-c´w- `o-Icam-\w- ssIhcn-¡m³- km[y-Xbp-ïv.- kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- \nÀ-an-¡p-ó I¼\n- h³-Xp-I \jv-S]cn-lm-cam-bn- \ð-tIïn-hcpw.- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- _n-kn-\knð- Cd§m³- h³-I¼\n-IÄ- aSn-¨p-\nð-¡p-óXn-\p-Å {][m-\ Im-cWw- CXm-Wv.- CXv- adn-IS¡m³- Zp-c´¯n-sâ tXm-Xv- F{X hep-Xm-bm-epw- I¼\n-IÄ- \ð-tIï \jv-S]cn-lm-cw- Bbn-cw- tIm-Sn- tUm-fdm-bn- \n-Ps¸Sp-¯p-ó hy-hkv-Ybpw- \n-ba¯n-ep-ïv.- _m-¡n- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ _m-[y-Xbm-bn- Aw-Ko-Icn-¡s¸«p- FóÀ-Yw.- 1950 se ss{]kv- Btâgv-k¬- BIv-än-\v- ]p-\À-P\n- \ð-Ip-Ibm-bn-cp-óp- _p-jv- `cWIq-Sw.- 3.- dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-Ifnð-\n-óv- BZyw- Dð-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-ó 600 saKm-hm-«v- DuÀ-P¯n-\v- \n-Ip-Xn- hm-bv-]- \ð-Ipw.- 4.- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- \nÀ-am-W¯n-\p-Å I¼\n-Ifp-sS _m-¦v- hm-bv-]¡v- Atacn-¡³- s^Udð- _m-¦v- Kym-cïn- \ð-Ipw.- AXm-bXv- Np-cp-§n-bXv- hÀ-j¯nð- 900 tIm-Sn- tUm-fdn-sâ k_v-kn-Un-bm-Wv- Atacn-¡³- Kh¬-saâv- BWh \thm-°m-\¯n-\m-bn- h³-I¼\n-IÄ-¡v- \ð-Ip-óXv.- P\§fp-sS \n-Ip-Xn-¸Ww- D]tbm-Kn-¨p-Å Cu- ku-P\yw- 2000 tIm-Sn- tUm-fÀ- IS¡p-saópw- IW¡m-¡s¸«n-«p-ïv.- shkv-än-Mv- lu-kv,- P\dð- CeIv-{Sn-¡ð-kv- Xp-S§n-b I¼\n-IÄ- dn-¸»n-¡³- ]mÀ-Sn-bp-sS sXcsªSp-¸v- ^ïn-te¡v- tIm-Sn-¡W¡n-\v- tUm-fÀ- hm-cn-sbdn-ªm-Wv- Cu- ku-P\y-§Ä- t\Sn-bXv.- Kh¬-saâv- tem-`an-ñm-sX \ð-Ip-ó Cu- ku-P\y-§Ä- t\Sm-s\¦n-epw- h³-In-S I¼\n-IÄ- BWh _nkn-\kn-te¡v- ISóp-hcp-saóv- Dd¸m-Wv.- At¸mÄ- AhÀ-¡v- Atacn-¡bn-epw- ]p-d¯pw- dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-IÄ- \nÀ-an-¨p-\ð-Im³- Ahkcw- e`n-¡Ww.- Atacn-¡bnð- 24 dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-IÄ- kv-Ym-]n-¡m-\m-Wv- _p-jv- `cWIq-Sw- e£y-an-«n-«pÅXv. 1996 \v- tijw- Hscm-ä dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- t]m-epw- Atacn-¡ \nÀ-an-¨n-«n-ñ.- H¼Xn-\m-bn-cw- tIm-Sn- tUm-fdn-sâ ]²Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- Fómð- CXp-sIm-ïp-am-{Xw- _n-kn-\kv- ]¨]n-Sn-¡n-ñ.- ]p-dw- cm-Py-§fn-se dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- \nÀ-am-W¯n-\p-Å Icm-dpw- e`n-¡Ww.- kzm-`m-hn-Iam-bpw- _lp-cm-jv-{S Ip-¯IIfp-sS Xmð]cyw- kw-c£n-¡m³- _m-[y-kv-Yam-b Atacn-¡³- `cWIq-Sw- C´y-t]m-sebp-Å cm-Py-§sf hebn-Sm³- Bcw-`n-¨p.- bp-]n-F kÀ-¡mÀ- B hebnð- ho-gp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.- X{´{][m-\ _\v-[w- DÄ-s¸sS B Nn-e´n-he hfsc hep-Xm-bn-cp-óp.- AXn-\p-Å Nq-ïen-se Cc am-{Xam-Wv- C´y-bp-am-bp-Å BWh klIcW IcmÀ.- C´y³- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- _n-kn-\kn-te¡v- Atacn-¡³- I¼\n-IÄ- Im-ð-sh¡p-ótXm-sS BWh \thm-°m-\¯n-\v- Xp-S¡am-hpw.- GXm-bm-epw- Atacn-¡bp-am-bp-Å BWh klIcW Icm-dn-\v- C´y³- a{´n-k` Aw-Ko-Im-cw- \ð-In-bXn-\p-tijw- am-{Xam-Wv- Hcp- Atacn-¡³- I¼\n- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- \nÀ-am-W¯n-\v- kó²X {]ISn-¸n-¨v- bp-Fkv- BWh \n-b{´W Iao-js\ kao-]n-¨n-«p-ÅXv.- \yq-Pgv-kn-bn-se F³-BÀ-Pn- F\À-Pn- Fó I¼\n-bm-Wv- sSIv-km-knð- cïv- BWh \n-eb§Ä- kv-Ym-]n-¡p-óXn-\p-thïn-þ bYm-{Iaw- 540 tIm-Sn- tUm-fdn-sâbpw- 670 tIm-Sn- tUm-fdn-sâbpw- dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-IÄ-þ BWh \n-b{´W Iao-j\p-ap-¼nð- At]£ \ð-In-bn-«p-ÅXv.- 1970 Ifnð- dn-bm-Iv-SÀ- _n-kn-\knð-\n-óv- ]n³-hm-§n-b I¼\n-bm-Wn-Xv.- XIÀ-óSn-ªn-cp-ó C¯cw- I¼\n-IÄ- At]£Ifp-am-bn- Iao-j\p-ap-¼nð- Iyq- \nð-¡p-saó {]Xo-£tbm-sS Aªq-tdmfw- Po-h\¡m-sc ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- \n-ban-¡m³- Iao-j³- \nÀ-_\v-[n-Xam-hp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp. Fómð- cïv- hÀ-jw- Ign-ªn-«pw- aäv- I¼\n-Isfm-ópw- Xsó Cu- cw-Kt¯¡v- ISóv-hón-«n-ñ.- BWh¹mâp-IÄ- Øm-]n-¡m³- Ign-bp-tam- Fó Im-cy-¯nð- {][m-\I¼\n-Ifn-sem-óm-b Uyq-¡v- ]hÀ- Xsó kw-ibw- {]ISn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibm-Wv.- ""\½sfm-s¡ BWh \thm-°m-\s¯ Ip-dn-¨m-Wv- kw-km-cn-¡p-óXv.- Fómð- Rm³- \thm-°m-\sam-ópw- Im-Wp-ón-ñ.-''-Uyq-¡v- ]hdn-sâ kn-CH Pnw-tdm-tPgv-kv- ]dªp.- BWh _n-kn-\kn-ep-ïm-Ip-ó \thm-°m-\w- km-[y-am-IWsa¦nð- B taJebnð- {]hÀ-¯n-¡m-\m-hiy-am-b im-kv-{XPv-Ròm-scbpw- Fôn-\o-bÀ-am-scbpw- e`y-am-¡Ww.- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy-tem-I¯v- ChÀ-¡v- ISp-¯ £m-aam-Wv.- Fómð- C´y-bn-sebpw- ssN\bn-sebpw- kv-Yn-Xn- adn-¨m-Wv.- ssN\ i{Xp-cm-Py-§fp-sS ]«n-Ibn-em-bXn-\mð- Atacn-¡¡v- C´y-bp-am-bp-Å klIcWw- A\n-hm-cy-am-sWóÀ-Yw.- Atacn-¡bpam-bp-Å BWh klIcW Icm-dn-s\ iIv-Xam-bn- ]n-´p-W¡p-ó tI{µkÀ-¡m-cn-sâ ap-Jy- im-kv-{X D]tZjv-Sm-hpw- 1993 ap-Xð- 2000 hsc BWthmÀ-P Iao-jsâ sNbÀ-am-\p-am-bn-cp-ó BÀ- Nn-Zw-_cw- ]dbp-óXv- ""BWh \thm-°m-\¯n-\v- tem-I¯n-\v- C´y-sb thWw''- Fóm-Wv. ""]e cmPy-§fn-epw- -BWh km-t¦Xn-Ihn-Zy- achn-¨p-In-S¡p-Ibm-Wv.- AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó bp-hP\§Ä- Cu- taJebn-te¡v- ISóp-hcp-ón-ñ.- kzm-`mhn-Iam-bpw- KthjWhpw- hn-Ik\hpw- ]n-dtIm-«pt]m-bn.- DuÀ-P¯n-sâ hÀ-[n-¨ Bhiy-ap-Å cïv- cm-Py-§fnð- am-{Xam-Wv- BWhtaJe hfÀ-¨ {]m-]n-¡p-óXvþC´y-bn-epw- ssN\bn-epw.- AXp-sIm-ïp-Xsó BWhPv-Rm-\w- C´y-sb kw-_\v-[n-¨v- Hcp- {]iv-\añ.- djybn-se H_v-\n³-kv-Inð- 2004 ð- tNÀ-ó Hcp- tbm-Kw- Rm³- HmÀ-an-¡p-óp.- BZy-am-bn- tem-I¯v- Hcp- dn-bm-Iv-Sdnð-\n-óv- sshZyp-Xn- Dð-]m-Zn-¸n-¨Xv- Chn-sS\n-óm-Wv.- 1954 em-Wv- Aôv- saKm-hm-«v- sshZyp-Xn- Hcp- sNdn-b dn-bm-Iv-Sdnð-\n-ópw- djy³- {Kn-Un-te¡v- \ð-In-bXv.- AXn-sâ A¼Xmw- hmÀ-jn-Iw- Fó \n-ebn-em-Wv- H_v-\n³-kv-Inð-- "BWthmÀ-P¯n-sâ A¼Xv- hÀ-jw-; ASp-¯ A¼Xv- hÀ-jw'-- Fó hn-bj¯nð- Hcp- skan-\mÀ- A´m-cm-jv-{S BWthmÀ-P GP³-kn-(sFFCF)- hn-fn-¨p-tNÀ-¯Xv.- Rm³- A[y£\m-bn-cp-ó NS§nð- Hcp- Atacn-¡¡m-c³- kw-km-cn-¡p-Ibp-ïm-bn.- At±lw- ]dªXv- 2002 \pw- 2011 \pw- CSbnð- ]m-iv-Nm-Xy-tem-I¯v- BWh taJebnð- {]hÀ-¯n-¡p-óhcp-sS F®w- ]Ip-Xn-bm-bn- Ip-dbp-saóm-Wv.- adp`m-K¯m-Is« BWh \thm°m-\w- Xp-S§p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.- Im-em-hkv-Ym- am-äs¯¡p-dn-¨p-Å `o-jWn-bnð-\n-óm-Wv- CXv- Xp-S§n-bXv.- AXn-\mð- At±lw- (Atacn-¡¡mc³)- ]dªXv- BWh \thm-Ym-\w- Atacn-¡bnð- Bcw-`n-¨mð- R§Ä- C´y-bnð-\n-óv- klm-bw- {]Xo-£n-¡p-óp- Fóm-Wv.- (BÀ- Nn-Zw-_cw- "Zn- ln-µp'-hn-\v- \ð-In-b A`n-ap-J¯nð-\n-óv-þBKkv-Xv- 10,- 2007)- achn-¨p-In-S¡p-ó Atacn-¡³- BWhcw-Ks¯ kPo-ham-¡m³- C´y³- a\p-jy-tijn- am-{Xañ km-t¦Xn-Ihn-Zybp-sS klm-bw-t]m-epw- Atacn-¡¡v- Bhiy-am-sWóv- Nn-Zw-_cw-t]m-epw- k½Xn-¡p-óp.- IcmÀ- \S¸m-¡m³- Atacn-¡ sNep-¯p-ó k½À-Z¯n-sâ {][m-\ Im-cWhpw- CXm-Wv.- Atacn-¡³- hn-tZiIm-cy- sk{I«dn- tIm-ï eo-k ssdkv- Ahcp-sS Xmð-]cy-sas´óv- hf¨p- sI«nñm-sX ]dbp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.- Atacn-¡³- D]cn-k`bm-b sk\äv- hn-tZiIm-cy-kan-Xn-bnð- kw-km-cn-¡sh" Cu- IcmÀsIm-ïv- Atacn-¡¡v- sXm-gn-ehkc§Ä- kr-jv-Sn-¡s¸Spw.- BWhklIcWw- Atacn-¡³- Øm-]\§À-¡v- ]p-Xn-b It¼m-fw- \ð-Ipw.- Cu- Xp-S¡w- aq-hm-bn-cw- ap-Xð- Aôm-bn-cw- hsc Atacn-¡¡mÀ-¡v- t\cn-«pw- ]Xn-\m-bn-cw- ap-Xð- ]Xn-\ôm-bn-cw- hsc t]À-¡v- ]tcm-£am-bpw- sXm-gnð- e`n-¡pw.- am-{Xañ C´y-bp-am-bn- BWhhym-]m-c¯n-epw- hm-Wn-Py-¯n-epw- GÀ-s¸Sm-\pw- Atacn-¡¡v- Ign-bpw.-'- BWh \thmYm-\¯n-sâ Atacn-¡³- s]m-cpÄ- F´m-sWóv- \mw- Iïp.- Cu- kv-Yn-Xn-bm-Wv- tem-Isa§pw- Fóv- [cn-¡p-óXv- A_²am-bn-cn-¡pw.- Cu- `q-an-bnð- Ccp-óq-tdm-fw- sNdp-Xpw- hep-Xp-am-b cm-Py-§fp-ïv.- AXnð- BWthmÀ-Pw- D]tbm-Kn-¡p-ó ap-¸tXm-fw- cm-Py-§tfbp-Åq.- Gähpw- Iq-Sp-Xem-bn- BWthmÀ-Ps¯ B{ibn-¡p-ó cm-Py-§fm-Wv- {^m³-kpw- en-Xzm-\n-bbpw.- Cu- cm-Py-§fn-se sam-¯w- DuÀ-tPmð-]m-Z\¯n-sâ 75þ80 iXam-\hpw- \nÀ-hln-¡p-óXv- BWthmÀ-P¯nð-\n-óm-sWóv- kmÀ-htZio-b BWh Atkm-kn-tbj³- km-£y-s¸Sp-¯p-óp.- Ið-¡cn-¡p-Å £m-ahpw- ]m-c¼tcyXc DuÀ-Pt{km-XÊp-Ifm-b PesshZyp-X ]²Xn-Ifp-sSbpw- aäpw- km-[y-Xbn-em-bv-abp-am-Wv- {^m³-kn-s\bpw- aäpw- BWthmÀ-Ps¯ B{ibn-¡m³- t{]cn-¸n-¨Xv.- 1972 ep-ïm-b F® {]Xn-k\v-[n-bpw- CXn-\v- B¡w- Iq-«n.- 59 dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-Ifnð-\n-óm-bm-Wv- {^m³-kv- 75 iXam-\w- DuÀ-tPmð-]m-Z\w- \S¯p-óXv.- ap-¸Xv- cm-Py-§fn-em-bn- 439 dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-Ifm-Wv- tem-I¯p-ÅXv.- CXn-\p-]p-dsa 56 cm-Py-§fnem-bn- KthjW¯n-\pw- aäpw- 284 dn-bm-Iv-Sdp-Ifpap-ïv.- sam-¯w- BWthmÀ-P Dð-]m-Z\w- 3,-72,-000 saKm-hm-«v- am-{Xam-Wv.- tem-I¯v- Dð-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-ó- DuÀ-tPmð-]m-Z\¯n-sâ 16 iXam-\w- am-{Xsa CXv- hcq.-Gähpw-Iq-Sp-Xð- sshZyp-Xn- Dð-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-óXv- Ið-¡cn-sIm-ïv- {]hÀ-¯n-¸n-¡p-ó Xm-]sshZyq-Xn- \n-eb§fnð-\n-óm-Wv-þ39 iXam-\w.- F®sIm-ïpÅ \n-eb§fnð-\n-óv- 19 iXam-\hpw- hm-XI \n-eb§fnð-\n-óv- 14 iXam-\hpw- sshZyp-Xn- Dð-]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-óp.- CXnð-\n-óv- hy-Iv-Xam-Ip-óXv- BWthmÀ-Pw- {][m-\ DuÀ-Pt{km-XÊv- Asñóm-Wv.- CHINTHA hn-e¡bäw-: Im-cWw- tI{µ \b§Ä- cLp- cm-Pyw- Có`n-ap-Jo-Icn-¡p-ó {][m-\{]iv-\w- asäm-óp-añ.- hn-e¡bäam-Wv-; {]tXy-In-¨pw- Ahiy-hkv-Xp-¡fp-tSXv.- Ip-d¨p-Im-eam-bn- ASn-¡Sn- hn-eIq-Sn- hcp-óXv- kaq-l¯n-se Fñm- hn-`m-Khpw- A\p-`hn-¡p-óp.- AXn-s³-d BLm-Xs¯ ZpÀ-_es¸Sp-¯m-t\m,- XSbm-t\m- thïp-ó bm-sXm-cp- \S]Sn-bpw- tI{µ¯n-s³-d `m-K¯p-\n-óp-ïm-hp-ón-ñ.- Hópw- sNbv-Xn-ñ Fóp- ]dªXv- ]qÀ-®am-bpw- icn-bñ.- Nn-e tem-_n-Isf klm-bn-¡p-ó GXm-\pw- \S]Sn-IsfSp-¯p-; dn-kÀ-Æv-_m-¦v- hm-bv-]m-\n-c¡pw- Icp-Xð- [\m-\p-]m-Xhpw- Iq-«n.- km-[m-cW¡mÀ-¡v- Kp-Ww-sN¿p-óXñ Ah cïpw.- Hóc ZiI¯n-e[n-Iam-bn- ]n³-Xp-SÀ-óp-hcp-ó \hen-_dð- \b§Ä- k¼óscbpw- Ip-¯IIsfbpw- F§s\ klm-bn-¡p-óp-shópw- km-[m-cW¡m-sc F§s\ Zp-cn-X¯n-em-gv-¯p-óp-shópw- hn-e¡bä¯n-s³-d A\p-`h¯nð-\n-ópw- Iq-Sp-Xð- hy-Iv-Xam-hp-óp.- Cu- \b§fnð- Im-cy-am-b am-äw- hcp-¯m-sX {]Xn-k\v-[n-Ifnð-\n-óp- tam-N\ap-ïm-hn-ñ.- \hen-_dð- \b§fp-sS D]m-kIcm-b tIm¬-{Kkn-s³-d t\Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-Å bp-]n-F Kh¬-sa³-dv- A[n-Im-c¯nð- \m-ep-hÀ-jw- ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡n-¡gn-ªp.- C¡m-ebfhn-\p-Ånð- aps¼m-cn-¡ep-ap-ïm-hm-¯ hn-e¡bäam-Wv- cm-Py-¯v- tcJs¸Sp-¯n-bXv.- Zq-chym-]Iam-b {]Xym-Lm-X§Ä-¡n-Shcp-¯p-ó s]t{Sm-fn-bw- Dð-]ó§fp-sS hn-e bp-]n-F Kh¬-sa³-dv- F«p-XhWbm-Wv- hÀ-²n-¸n-¨Xv.- A´m-cm-jv-{S hn-]Wn-bnð- Akw-kv-Ir-X F®bp-sS hn-e Iq-Sp-óp.- AXn-\mð- Chn-Sp-s¯ F®¡¼\n-IÄ-¡p-ïm-hp-ó \jv-Sw- \n-I¯m-\m-bn- hn-e Iq-«p-óp.- ]t£,- A´m-cm-jv-{S hn-]Wn-bnð- hn-e Ip-dbp-t¼mÄ- Chn-sS Ip-dbv-¡m-dp-an-ñ.- D]t`m-Iv-Xm-¡Ä- sIm-Sp-¡p-ó hn-ebn-se 45 iXam-\hpw- hn-hn-[§fm-b \n-Ip-Xn-Ifm-Wv.- AXv- Ip-dbv-¡m³- tI{µw- X¿m-dñ.- \n-Ip-Xn-LS\bnð- am-äw-hcp-¯n-bmð- hn-e hÀ-[n-¸n-¡m-sX,- km-[m-cW¡m-sc t{Zm-ln-¡m-sX \nð-¡mw- FóXm-Wv- C¡m-cy-¯nð- CSXp-]£w- kzo-Icn-¡p-ó \n-e]m-Sv.- Gähp-ahkm-\am-bn- s]t{Sm-fn-bw- Dð-]ó§fp-sS hn-e hÀ-[n-¸n-¨t¸mÄ- tI{µKh¬-sa³-dv- I¼\n-Ifp-sS \jv-Sam-Wv- ]cn-KWn-¨Xv.- I¼\n-IÄ- 2,-45,-000 tIm-Sn- cq-] \jv-S¯n-em-sWópw- Ct¸m-gs¯ hÀ-[\hv- \jv-Sw- t\cn-btXm-Xnð- \n-I¯m-t\ klm-bn-¡p- Fóp-am-Wv- hm-Zw.- Akw-kv-Ir-X F®bp-sS A´m-cm-jv-{Shn-e _m-cen-\v- (GItZiw- 159 en-äÀ)- 140 tUm-fÀ- Bbn-cp-ó kab¯v- Hcp- en-ädn-\v- icm-icn- 35 cq-]tb hcq.- ip-²o-IcWhpw- aäp- sNehp-Ifpw- Iq-Sn- tNÀ-¯m-epw- hn-e A[n-Iam-hn-ñ.- Fómð- hcp-am-\w- Iq-«m³-thïn- "AUv-htem-dw'- \n-Ip-Xn-LS\bm-Wv- Chn-sS A\p-hÀ-¯n-¡p-óXv.- Cu- hn-eam-ä¯n-\\p-kcn-¨v- \n-Ip-Xn- Np-a¯p-óXp-am-än- P\§sf t{Zm-ln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibm-bn-cp-óp- hn-e¡bä¯n-\p- ]Icam-bn- sNt¿ïn-bn-cp-óXv.- {it²bam-b asäm-óv,- F® D]t`m-K¯n-s³-d Aôn-sem-ónð- Iq-Sp-Xð- B`y-´cam-bn- Dð-]m-Zn-]n-¡p-óXm-Wv.- DZm-lcW¯n-\v- 2006þ2007ð- 147 sa{Sn-Iv-S¬- Akw-kv-Ir-X F® D]tbm-Kn-¨Xnð- 34 sa{Sn-Iv-S¬- cm-Py-¯n-\I¯p-\n-óp-Xsó J\\w-sNbv-sXSp-¯Xm-Wv.- CXp- sN¿p-ó I¼\n-IÄ-¡v- A[n-Iam-bn- bm-sXm-ópw- sN¿m-sX hn-ehÀ-[n-¸n-¨Xn-s³-d ^eam-bn- t\«ap-ïm-hp-óp.- A{]Xo-£n-Xam-bn- t\«ap-ïm-¡p-óXv- dn-eb³-kp-t]m-ep-Å Ip-¯I I¼\n-Ifm-Wv.- CXn-tòð- \n-Ip-Xn-Np-a¯Wsaó \nÀ-t±ihpw- Ip-¯I {]o-W\w- \S¯p-ó tI{µKh¬-sa³-dv- AhKWn-¨n-cn-¡p-óp.- s]t{SmÄ,- Uo-kð- hn-ehÀ-[\ (1 en-äÀ-/cq-]-bnð)- 2004 2005 2006 2008 BKkv-äv- Pq¬- Pq¬- Pq¬ s]t{SmÄ-- 39.-79 43.-65 50.-34 53.-71 Uo-kð- 26.-92 31.-99 35.-94 38.-29 hn-ehÀ-²\hv,- {]tXy-In-¨pw- Ahiy- km-[\§fp-tSXv- Zq-chym-]Iam-b BLm-X§Ä- kr-jv-Sn-¡p-óXm-Wv.- Hcp-Zn-hkw- Ccp-]Xv-cq-]bnð- Xm-sg am-{Xw- hcp-am-\ap-Å `q-cn-]£am-Wv- Chn-sSbp-ÅXv.- AtXt]m-seXsó t]m-jIm-lm-c¡p-dhpw- hn-fÀ-¨bpw- B{^n-¡³- cm-Py-§fn-teXn-\p- Xpey-am-sWópw- ]T\§Ä- Isï¯n-bn-«p-ïv.- BtKm-fhXv-¡cWw- Bcw-`n-¨Im-ew-ap-Xð- `£y-[m-\y- D]t`m-Kw- Ip-dªp-hcp-óXm-bn- DXv-km-]Sv-\m-bn-¡n-s³-d ]T\w- kw-ibcln-Xam-bn- {]kv-Xm-hn-¡p-óp.- Cu- km-lNcy-¯nð- Ahiy-hkv-Xp-¡fp-sS hn-e¡bäw- Iq-Sp-Xð- BÄ-¡m-sc ]«n-Wn-bn-te¡v- XÅn-hn-Sp-óXpw- ]«n-Wn-acW§Ä- Dïm-Im³- CSbm-¡p-óXp-am-Wv.- CtXm-sSm-¸ap-Å ]«n-Ibnð- Ahiy-km-[\§fp-sS 2004sebpw- 2008sebpw- hn-e Xm-cXayw- sN¿p-óp-ïv.- CXnð-\n-sóñmw- Hcp- Im-cyw- a\Ên-em-¡m³- Ign-bpw.- AXm-bXv,- kÀ-¡m-cn-s³-d \n-b{´Ww- Ip-dªp,-- ]Icw-- kz-Im-cy-Ip-¯I aq-e[\w- iIv-Xn-s¸«p- Fóm-Wv.- `£y-kp-c£ FóXv- Ahiy-hkv-Xp-¡fp-sS hn-e¡bä ]iv-Nm-¯e¯nð- Ct¸mÄ- Gsd NÀ-¨sN¿s¸Sp-óXm-Wtñm.- AXn-\v- Ir-jn-sb t{]m-Xv-km-ln-¸n-t¡ïXv- Hgn-¨p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-¯Xm-Ip-óp.- tI{µ Kh¬-sa³-dm-hs« ImÀ-jn-I taJetbm-Sv- Xn-Iª AhKW\bm-Wv- 1990Ifp-sS Xp-S¡w-ap-Xð- {]ISn-¸n-¡p-óXv.- BtKm-fhXv-¡cW \b¯n-s³-d `m-Kam-bn- Ir-jn-¡p-Å k_v-kn-Un-IÄ- KWy-am-bn- Ip-d¨p.- Fgp-]Xv- iXam-\w- Bfp-Ifpw- B{ibn-¡p-ó Ir-jn-sb AhKWn-¨Xv- Chn-Sp-s¯ `£y- kp-c£sb {]Xn-Iq-eam-bn- _m-[n-¡p-óp.- hfÀ-¨m-\n-c¡nð- A`n-am-\w-sIm-Åp-ó \hen-_dð- \b§fp-sS hIv-Xm-¡Ä-Xsó ImÀ-jn-Icw-K¯n-s³-d XfÀ-¨ tcJs¸Sp-¯p-óp-ïv.- Nn-Zw-_c¯n-s³-d _Päp-Ifn-epw- AXn\p-ap-¼m-bn- AhXcn-¸n-¡m-dp-Å km-¼¯n-I kÀ-tÆIfn-epw- ImÀ-jn-I cw-K¯n-s³-d At[m-KXn- hy-Iv-Xam-Wv.- kzm-X{´ym-\´cw- BtKm-fhXv-¡cW¯n-\p-ap-¼p-hsc `£y-[m-\y- Dð-]m-Z\w- hÀ-[n-¨p-hcp-Ibm-bn-cp-óp.- ]n-óo-Sv- {Iam-\p-KXam-bn- Ip-dbp-Ibm-Wp-ïm-bXv.- 2005se `£y-[m-\y- Dð-]m-Z\\n-ehm-cw- 1975teXn-\p- Xp-ey-am-sWóv- Hcp- ]T\w- sXfn-bn-¡p-óp.- C§s\ Dð-]m-Z\¯n-se CSn-hv- e`y-Xbn-epw- Ip-dhp-ïm-¡n.- AtXkabw-Xsó Kh¬-sa³-dv- Ibäp-aXn- t{]m-Xv-km-ln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw- sN¿p-óp.- ASp-¯Im-e¯v,- hn-e¡bäw- cq-£am-bt¸mÄ- Acn-bp-sSbpw- aäpw- Ibäp-aXn- tI{µw- \n-tcm-[n-¨n-cp-óp.- ImÀ-jn-Icw-K¯p-\n-ópw- Kh¬-sa³-dv- ]n-òm-dn,- ]Icw- Ip-¯IIsf Ahn-tS¡m-\bn-¨p.-- kz-tZin-Ifpw- hn-tZin-Ifp-am-b Ip-¯IIÄ- Ir-jn- Icm-dSn-kv-Ym-\¯nð- sN¿n-¡m³- Xp-S§n.- Dð-]ó§Ä- kw-`cn-¨v,- tXm-ón-bhn-ebv-¡v- hnð-¡m-\pw- Ir-{Xn-aam-bn- hn-e¡bäw- Dïm¡m-\pw- AhÀ-¡v- Ign-bp-óp.- hn-e¡bä¯nð-\n-ópw- Xp-Nv-Ohcp-am-\¡m-sc c£n-¨p-\nÀ-¯n-bn-cp-óXm-Wv- s]m-Xp-hn-XcW kw-hn-[m-\w.- \hen-_dð- \b§Ä- AXp- XIÀ-¯p-Ifªp.- kmÀ-Æ{Xn-I s]m-Xp-hn-XcWkw-hn-[m-\w- GÀ-s¸Sp-¯p-saóm-Wv- A[n-Im-c¯n-tedn-b bp-]n-F kÀ-¡mÀ hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sNbv-XXv; Fómð- kÀ-¡mÀ- hm-Kv-Zm-\ew-L\w- \S¯p-Ibm-Wv.- ]Icw- Dð-]m-Z\,- kw-`cW,- hn-XcWcw-K§sfñmw-Xsó kz-Im-cy- Ip-¯IIÄ-¡Sn-bdsh¨p.- Ahsc klm-bn-¡p-óXn-\m-bn- Ahiy-hkv-Xp-¡fpw- Ah[n- hym-]m-c¯nð- DÄ-s¸Sp-¯n.- _n-sP]n- t\Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-Å F³-Un-F Kh¬-sa³-dv- ]n-´p-SÀ-ó AtX \bw-Xsó bp-]n-Fbpw- C¡m-cy-¯nð- ]n-´p-Scp-óp.- CSXp-]£¯n-s³-d k½À-±{]Im-cw- GXm-\pw- Ahiy-hkv-Xp-¡sf Ah[n- hym-]m-c¯nð-\n-ópw- Hgn-hm-¡n-bn-cp-óp.- tKm-X¼v,- Acn,- `£y- F® Fón-h AXnð-s¸Sp-óp.- 25 ImÀ-jn-tImð-¸ó§Ä- Ah[n- hym-]m-c¯nð-\n-ópw- Hgn-hm-¡Wsaóm-Wv- kn-]n-sF (Fw)- Bhiy-s¸Sp-óXv.- ]mÀ-esaïdn- kv-äm³-Unw-Kv-I½n-än-Ifp-sS \nÀ-t±i¯n-s\Xn-cm-bm-Wv- Ah[n- hym-]m-cw- A\p-hZn-¨n-cn-¡p-óXv.- ]q-gv-¯n-shbv-]pw- Icn-ô´bpw- \S¯n- hn-e Ibäp-óXn-\v- Ip-¯IIsf tI{µkÀ-¡mÀ- C§s\ - klm-bn-¡p-Ibm-Wv.- Ip-¯I I¼\n-Ifp-sS em-`w- hÀ-jw-tXm-dpw- Ip-Xn-¨p-bcp-óXv- tI{µ¯n-s³-d {]o-W\w-sIm-ïp-am-{Xam-Wv.- Atacn-¡³- I¼\n-bm-b ImÀ-Knð- [m-\y-hn-]Wn- Io-gS¡n.- Ahcp-sS ap³-hÀ-js¯ At]£n-¨p-Å \S¸p-hÀ-js¯ em-`w- 52 iXam-\w-Iïv- hÀ-[n-¨n-cp-óp.- 234 tIm-Sn-- Atacn-¡³- tUm-fÀ- hcp-aXv-! AtXt]m-seXsó asäm-cp- Atacn-¡³- I¼\n-bm-b BÀ-¨À- Um-\n-tbð-kv- an-Uv-em³-Uv-ko-s³-d em-`w- 65 iXam-\w-Iïv- Hcp- hÀ-j¯n-\Iw- hÀ-[n-¡p-Ibp-ïm-bn.- bq-tdm-]y³- bq-Wn-b\n-ð-\n-óp-Å _ôv- en-an-äUv- Fó Ip-¯I `o-a³- 50 iXam-\w- Iïv- em-`w- Np-cp-§n-b Im-e¯n-\p-Ånð- Iq-Sp-Xem-bn- t\Sn.- Dð-]ó¯n-s³-d Im-cy-¯nð- CXm-Wv- kv-Yn-Xn-sb¦nð- Dð-]m-Zt\m-]m-[n-Ifp-sS Im-cy-hpw- adn-¨ñ.- hn-¯pw- hfhpw- Ip-¯IIfp-sS \n-b{´W¯nð-Xsó! hn-e¡bäw- \n-b{´Wm-Xo-Xam-Ip-t¼m-gpw- Kh¬-sa³-dv- \n-Êw-KX ]m-en-¡p-óXn-s³-d Hcp- DZm-lcWam-Wv- kw-`cW¯nð- {]ISam-hp-óXv.- ^p-Uv-tImÀ-¸tdj³- Hm-^v- C´y- s]m-Xp-hn-XcW¯n-\m-bn- kw-`cn-¨Xv- 2001þ02ð- sam-¯w- Dð-]m-Z\¯n-s³-d 30 iXam-\am-bn-cp-óp.- CXv- 2006þ07 Bbt¸m-tg¡pw- 15 iXam-\am-bn- CSn-ªp.- tKm-X¼n-s³-d Im-cyw- ]cn-tim-[n-¨mð- 2003þ04ð- 168 e£w- S¬- kw-`cn-¨n-cp-ó kv-Ym-\¯v- 2006þ07ð- 111 e£w- S¬- am-{Xta- kw-`cn-¨n-«p-Åq.- IÀ-jIÀ-¡v- \ym-bhn-e \ð-Im-sX kw-`cW¯nð- \n-sóm-gn-ªp-\nð-¡p-ó X{´hpw- tI{µw- {]tbm-Kn-¡mdp-ïv.- ]Icam-bn- Iq-Sn-bhn-ebv-¡v- hn-tZi¯p-\n-ópw- Cd¡p-aXn-sN¿p-óp.- tdj³-ISIfn-eq-sS \ym-bhn-ebv-¡v- tKm-X¼p-hnð-¡m³- \ð-Im-sX Im-en-¯o-äbm-bn- hn-tZit¯¡v- Ibän-Ab¨ Ncn-{Xw- C´y-bn-eñm-sX atäXp- cm-Py-¯p- Im-Wpw?- `cW¯n-s³-d Aômw- hÀ-j¯n-te¡p- ISó bp-]n-F Kh¬-sa³-dv- _lp-`q-cn-]£t¯bpw- ]«n-Wn-bn-te¡p- XÅn-hn-Sp-ó \bam-Wv- kzo-Icn-¡p-óXv.- F³-Un-F `cWIm-e¯v- ImÀ-jn-I {]Xn-k\v-[n-bnð- IÀ-jIÀ- BXv-alXy-bnð- icWw- {]m-]n-s¨¦nð,- Cu- \bw- Xp-SÀ-ómð- B{^n-¡³- cm-Py-§fn-seóXp-t]m-se ]«n-Wn- acWw- Chn-sSbpw- kw-`hn-¡pw.- AXn-te¡v- \bn-¡p-ó \hen-_dð- \b§Ä-s¡Xn-sc iIv-Xam-b P\tcm-jw- DbÀ-óp-hcn-Ibpw- AXv- cm-jv-{So-bkv-Yn-Xn-KXn-Isf¯só am-än-adn-¡p-Ibpw- sN¿pw.-     CHINTHA CHINTHA CHINTHA